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<title>Emmanuelle Charpentier</title>

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Emmanuelle Charpentier

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</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Emmanuelle Charpentier</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Charpentier in 2015</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier</div> (1968-12-11) 11 December 1968 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="Juvisy-sur-Orge" title="Juvisy-sur-Orge">Juvisy-sur-Orge</a>, France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Pierre_and_Marie_Curie_University" title="Pierre and Marie Curie University">Pierre and Marie Curie University</a> (<a href="Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BSc</a>, <a href="Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">MSc</a>, <a href="Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="CRISPR" title="CRISPR">CRISPR</a><a href="#cite_note-Abbott2016-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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<ul><li><a href="Louis-Jeantet_Prize_for_Medicine" title="Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine">Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine</a> (2015)</li>

<li><a href="Breakthrough_Prize_in_Life_Sciences" title="Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences">Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences</a> (2015)</li>

<li><a href="Princess_of_Asturias_Awards" title="Princess of Asturias Awards">Princess of Asturias Award</a> (2015)</li>

<li><a href="Tang_Prize" title="Tang Prize">Tang Prize</a> in Biopharmaceutical Science (2016)</li>

<li><a href="Canada_Gairdner_International_Award" title="Canada Gairdner International Award">Canada Gairdner International Award</a> (2016)</li>

<li><a href="Leibniz_Prize" title="Leibniz Prize">Leibniz Prize</a> (2016)</li>

<li><a href="Pour_le_M%C3%A9rite" title="Pour le Mérite">Pour le Mérite</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="Japan_Prize" title="Japan Prize">Japan Prize</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="The_Novozymes_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="The Novozymes Prize">The Novozymes Prize</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="Kavli_Prize" title="Kavli Prize">Kavli Prize</a> in Nanoscience (2018)</li>

<li><a href="Wolf_Prize" title="Wolf Prize">Wolf Prize</a> in Medicine (2020)</li>

<li><a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> (2020)</li>

<li><a href="National_Inventors_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Inventors Hall of Fame">National Inventors Hall of Fame</a> (2023)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Scientific career</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><div class="plainlist">

<ul><li><a href="Microbiology" title="Microbiology">Microbiology</a></li>

<li><a href="Genetics" title="Genetics">Genetics</a></li>

<li><a href="Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="University_of_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Berlin">University of Berlin</a> <a href="University_of_Vienna" title="University of Vienna">University of Vienna</a> <a href="Ume%C3%A5_University" title="Umeå University">Umeå University</a> <a href="Max_Planck_Society" title="Max Planck Society">Max Planck Society</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aac.asm.org/content/43/9/2103">Antibiotic resistance in </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aac.asm.org/content/43/9/2103">Listeria spp</a> (1995)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Patrice Courvalin</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmanuelle-charpentier-pr.org/">www.emmanuelle-charpentier-pr.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">

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</style>French pronunciation: [emanɥɛl maʁi ʃaʁpɑ̃tje]; born 11 December 1968<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a>) is a French professor and researcher in <a href="Microbiology" title="Microbiology">microbiology</a>, <a href="Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a>, and <a href="Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">biochemistry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Abbott2016-1">[1]</a> As of 2015, she has been a director at the <a href="Max_Planck_Institute_for_Infection_Biology" title="Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology">Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology</a> in <a href="Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>. In 2018, she founded an independent <a href="Research_institute" title="Research institute">research institute</a>, the Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> In 2020, Charpentier and American biochemist <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> of the <a href="University_of_California%2C_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, were awarded the <a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> "for the development of a method for <a href="Genome_editing" title="Genome editing">genome editing</a>" (through <a href="CRISPR_gene_editing" title="CRISPR gene editing">CRISPR</a>). This was the first science Nobel Prize ever won by two women only.<a href="#cite_note-:01-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20201007-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-6">[6]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2></div>

Charpentier's paternal grandfather, surnamed Sinanian, was an <a href="Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenian</a> who escaped to France during the <a href="Armenian_Genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Genocide">Armenian Genocide</a> and met his wife in <a href="Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Public_Radio_of_Armenia-7">[7]</a> She was born in 1968 in <a href="Juvisy-sur-Orge" title="Juvisy-sur-Orge">Juvisy-sur-Orge</a> in France and studied biochemistry, microbiology, and genetics at the <a href="Pierre_and_Marie_Curie_University" title="Pierre and Marie Curie University">Pierre and Marie Curie University</a> (which became the Faculty of Science of <a href="Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne University</a>) in Paris.<a href="#cite_note-mpg-vita-8">[8]</a> She was a graduate student at the <a href="Institut_Pasteur" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut Pasteur">Institut Pasteur</a> from 1992 to 1995 and was awarded a research doctorate. Charpentier's PhD work investigated molecular mechanisms involved in <a href="Antimicrobial_resistance" title="Antimicrobial resistance">antibiotic resistance</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career_and_research">Career and research</h2></div>

Charpentier worked as a university teaching assistant at Pierre and Marie Curie University from 1993 to 1995 and as a postdoctoral fellow at the <a href="Pasteur_Institute" title="Pasteur Institute">Institut Pasteur</a> from 1995 to 1996. She moved to the US and worked as a postdoctoral fellow at <a href="Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University">Rockefeller University</a> in New York from 1996 to 1997. During this time, Charpentier worked in the lab of microbiologist <a href="Elaine_Tuomanen" title="Elaine Tuomanen">Elaine Tuomanen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Abbott_432-10">[10]</a> Tuomanen's lab investigated how the pathogen <a href="Streptococcus_pneumoniae" title="Streptococcus pneumoniae">Streptococcus pneumoniae</a> utilizes mobile genetic elements to alter its genome. Charpentier also helped to demonstrate how S. pneumoniae develops <a href="Vancomycin" title="Vancomycin">vancomycin</a> resistance.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>

Charpentier was an assistant research scientist at the <a href="NYU_Langone_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="NYU Langone Medical Center">New York University Medical Center</a> from 1997 to 1999. She worked in the lab of Pamela Cowin, a skin-cell biologist interested in mammalian gene manipulation. Charpentier published a paper exploring the regulation of hair growth in mice.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> She held the position of Research Associate at the <a href="St._Jude_Children's_Research_Hospital" title="St. Jude Children's Research Hospital">St. Jude Children's Research Hospital</a> and at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> in New York from 1999 to 2002.<a href="#cite_note-mpg-vita-8">[8]</a>

After five years in the United States, Charpentier returned to Europe and became the lab head and a guest professor at the Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, <a href="University_of_Vienna" title="University of Vienna">University of Vienna</a>, from 2002 to 2004. In 2004, Charpentier published her discovery of an RNA molecule involved in the regulation of virulence-factor synthesis in <a href="Streptococcus_pyogenes" title="Streptococcus pyogenes">Streptococcus pyogenes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> From 2004 to 2006 she was lab head and an assistant professor at the Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology. In 2006 she became a <a href="Privatdozentin" class="mw-redirect" title="Privatdozentin">privatdozentin</a> (Microbiology) and received her <a href="Habilitation" title="Habilitation">habilitation</a> at the Centre of Molecular Biology. From 2006 to 2009 she worked as lab head and associate professor at the <a href="Max_F._Perutz_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="Max F. Perutz Laboratories">Max F. Perutz Laboratories</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mpg-vita-8">[8]</a>

Charpentier moved to Sweden and became lab head and associate professor at the Laboratory for <a href="Molecular_Infection_Medicine_Sweden" title="Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden">Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden</a> (MIMS), at <a href="Ume%C3%A5_University" title="Umeå University">Umeå University</a>. She held the position of group leader from 2008 to 2013 and was visiting professor from 2014 to 2017.<a href="#cite_note-MIMS-15">[15]</a> She moved to Germany to act as department head and W3 Professor at the <a href="Helmholtz_Centre_for_Infection_Research_(HZI)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)">Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> in Braunschweig and the <a href="Hannover_Medical_School" title="Hannover Medical School">Hannover Medical School</a> from 2013 until 2015. In 2014 she became an <a href="Alexander_von_Humboldt_Professorship" title="Alexander von Humboldt Professorship">Alexander von Humboldt Professor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mpg-vita-8">[8]</a>

In 2015 Charpentier accepted an offer from the German <a href="Max_Planck_Society" title="Max Planck Society">Max Planck Society</a> to become a scientific member of the society and a director at the <a href="Max_Planck_Institute_for_Infection_Biology" title="Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology">Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology</a> in <a href="Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>. Since 2016, she has been an Honorary Professor at <a href="Humboldt_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Humboldt University">Humboldt University</a> in Berlin; since 2018, she is the Founding and acting director of the Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens.<a href="#cite_note-mpg-vita-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Charpentier retained her position as visiting professor at Umeå University until the end of 2017 when a new donation from the Kempe Foundations and the <a href="Knut_and_Alice_Wallenberg_Foundation" title="Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation">Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation</a> allowed her to offer more young researchers positions within research groups of the MIMS Laboratory.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CRISPR/Cas9">CRISPR/Cas9</h2></div>

Charpentier is best known for her Nobel-winning work of deciphering the molecular mechanisms of a bacterial immune system, called <a href="CRISPR" title="CRISPR">CRISPR</a>/<a href="Cas9" title="Cas9">Cas9</a>, and repurposing it into a tool for <a href="Genome_editing" title="Genome editing">genome editing</a>. In particular, she uncovered a novel mechanism for the maturation of a non-coding RNA which is pivotal in the function of CRISPR/Cas9. Specifically, Charpentier demonstrated that a small RNA called <a href="Trans-activating_crRNA" title="Trans-activating crRNA">tracrRNA</a> is essential for the maturation of crRNA.<a href="#cite_note-Nature-20">[20]</a>

In 2011, Charpentier met <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> at a research conference in San Juan, Puerto Rico, and they began a collaboration.<a href="#cite_note-Abbott_432-10">[10]</a> Working with Doudna's laboratory, Charpentier's laboratory showed that Cas9 could be used to make cuts in any <a href="DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> sequence desired.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Science-22">[22]</a> The method they developed involved the combination of Cas9 with easily created synthetic "guide RNA" molecules. Synthetic guide RNA is a chimera of crRNA and tracrRNA; therefore, this discovery demonstrated that the CRISPR-Cas9 technology could be used to edit the genome with relative ease.<a href="#cite_note-Science-22">[22]</a> Researchers worldwide have employed this method successfully to edit the DNA sequences of plants, animals, and laboratory <a href="Cell_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Cell line">cell lines</a>. Since its discovery, CRISPR has revolutionized genetics by allowing scientists to edit genes to probe their role in health and disease and to develop genetic therapies with the hope that it will prove safer and more effective than the first generation of gene therapies.<a href="#cite_note-auto-6">[6]</a>

In 2013, Charpentier co-founded <a href="CRISPR_Therapeutics" title="CRISPR Therapeutics">CRISPR Therapeutics</a> and ERS Genomics along with Shaun Foy and Rodger Novak.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2></div>

In 2015, <a href="Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine designated Charpentier one of the <a href="Time_100" title="Time 100">Time 100</a> most influential people in the world (together with Jennifer Doudna).<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>

Charpentier's awards are:

<a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a>,<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> the <a href="Breakthrough_Prize" title="Breakthrough Prize">Breakthrough Prize</a> in <a href="Life_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Life Sciences">Life Sciences</a>, the <a href="Louis-Jeantet_Prize_for_Medicine" title="Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine">Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine</a>, the <a href="Gruber_Foundation" title="Gruber Foundation">Gruber Foundation</a> International Prize in Genetics, the <a href="Leibniz_Prize" title="Leibniz Prize">Leibniz Prize</a>, the <a href="Tang_Prize" title="Tang Prize">Tang Prize</a>, the <a href="Japan_Prize" title="Japan Prize">Japan Prize</a>, and the <a href="Kavli_Prize" title="Kavli Prize">Kavli Prize</a> in Nanoscience. She has won the <a href="BBVA_Foundation_Frontiers_of_Knowledge_Award" title="BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award">BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award</a> jointly with <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> and <a href="Francisco_Mojica" title="Francisco Mojica">Francisco Mojica</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a>

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<ul><li>2009 – <a href="Theodor_K%C3%B6rner_Prize" title="Theodor Körner Prize">Theodor Körner Prize</a> for Science and Culture<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></li>

<li>2011 – The <a href="Fernstr%C3%B6m_Prize" title="Fernström Prize">Fernström Prize</a> for young and promising scientists<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></li>

<li>2014 – <a href="Alexander_von_Humboldt_Professorship" title="Alexander von Humboldt Professorship">Alexander von Humboldt Professorship</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></li>

<li>2014 – The <a href="G%C3%B6ran_Gustafsson_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Göran Gustafsson Prize">Göran Gustafsson Prize</a> for Molecular Biology (Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></li>

<li>2014 – <a href="Dr._Paul_Janssen_Award_for_Biomedical_Research" title="Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research">Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> (shared with <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a>)</li>

<li>2014 – The Jacob Heskel Gabbay Award<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> (shared with <a href="Feng_Zhang" title="Feng Zhang">Feng Zhang</a> and Jennifer Doudna)</li>

<li>2015 – <a href="Time_100" title="Time 100">Time 100</a>: Pioneers<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> (shared with Jennifer Doudna)</li>

<li>2015 – The <a href="Breakthrough_Prize_in_Life_Sciences" title="Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences">Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> (shared with Jennifer Doudna)</li>

<li>2015 – <a href="Louis-Jeantet_Prize_for_Medicine" title="Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine">Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></li>

<li>2015 – The <a href="Ernst_Jung_Prize" title="Ernst Jung Prize">Ernst Jung Prize</a> in Medicine<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></li>

<li>2015 – <a href="Princess_of_Asturias_Awards" title="Princess of Asturias Awards">Princess of Asturias Awards</a> (shared with Jennifer Doudna)<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></li>

<li>2015 – <a href="Gruber_Prize_in_Genetics" title="Gruber Prize in Genetics">Gruber Foundation International Prize in Genetics</a> (shared with Jennifer Doudna)<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></li>

<li>2015 – Carus Medal, from <a href="Academy_of_Sciences_Leopoldina" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy of Sciences Leopoldina">German National Academy of Science, Leopoldina</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></li>

<li>2015 – <a href="Massry_Prize" title="Massry Prize">Massry Prize</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></li>

<li>2015 – <a href="Hansen_Family_Award" title="Hansen Family Award">Hansen Family Award</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Otto_Warburg_Medal" title="Otto Warburg Medal">Otto Warburg Medal</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="L'Or%C3%A9al-UNESCO_Awards_for_Women_in_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science">L'Oréal-UNESCO "For Women in Science" Award</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Leibniz_Prize" title="Leibniz Prize">Leibniz Prize</a> from the <a href="German_Research_Foundation" title="German Research Foundation">German Research Foundation</a><a href="#cite_note-LeibnizPrize2016-45">[45]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Canada_Gairdner_International_Award" title="Canada Gairdner International Award">Canada Gairdner International Award</a> (shared with Jennifer Doudna and Feng Zhang)<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Warren_Alpert_Foundation_Prize" title="Warren Alpert Foundation Prize">Warren Alpert Foundation Prize</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Paul_Ehrlich_and_Ludwig_Darmstaedter_Prize" title="Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize">Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna)<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Tang_Prize" title="Tang Prize">Tang Prize</a> (shared with Jennifer Doudna and Feng Zhang)<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="HFSP_Nakasone_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="HFSP Nakasone Award">HFSP Nakasone Award</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna)<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li>

<li>2016 – Knight (Chevalier) French National Order of the <a href="Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Meyenburg_Prize" title="Meyenburg Prize">Meyenburg Prize</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Wilhelm_Exner_Medal" title="Wilhelm Exner Medal">Wilhelm Exner Medal</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="John_Scott_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="John Scott Award">John Scott Award</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></li>

<li>2017 – <a href="BBVA_Foundation_Frontiers_of_Knowledge_Award" title="BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award">BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna and <a href="Francisco_Mojica" title="Francisco Mojica">Francisco Mojica</a>)<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></li>

<li>2017 – <a href="Japan_Prize" title="Japan Prize">Japan Prize</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna)<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></li>

<li>2017 – <a href="Albany_Medical_Center_Prize" title="Albany Medical Center Prize">Albany Medical Center Prize</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna, Luciano Marraffini, Francisco Mojica, and Feng Zhang)<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li>

<li>2017 – <a href="Pour_le_M%C3%A9rite" title="Pour le Mérite">Pour le Mérite</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></li>

<li>2018 – <a href="Kavli_Prize" title="Kavli Prize">Kavli Prize</a> in Nanoscience (jointly with Jennifer Doudna and <a href="Virginijus_%C5%A0ik%C5%A1nys" title="Virginijus Šikšnys">Virginijus Šikšnys</a>)<a href="#cite_note-www.kavliprize.org_2018-58">[58]</a></li>

<li>2018 – <a href="Austrian_Decoration_for_Science_and_Art" title="Austrian Decoration for Science and Art">Austrian Decoration for Science and Art</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></li>

<li>2018 – Bijvoet Medal of the <a href="Bijvoet_Center_for_Biomolecular_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research">Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research</a> of <a href="Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht University</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></li>

<li>2018 – <a href="Harvey_Prize" title="Harvey Prize">Harvey Prize</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna and Feng Zhang)<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></li>

<li>2019 – <a href="Scheele_Award" title="Scheele Award">Scheele Award</a> of the Swedish Pharmaceutical Society<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></li>

<li>2019 – Knight Commander's Cross of the <a href="Order_of_Merit_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany">Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany</a><a href="#cite_note-Der_Bundespräsident-63">[63]</a></li>

<li>2020 – <a href="Wolf_Prize_in_Medicine" title="Wolf Prize in Medicine">Wolf Prize in Medicine</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna)<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></li>

<li>2020 – <a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna)<a href="#cite_note-:01-4">[4]</a></li>

<li>2023 - <a href="National_Inventors_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Inventors Hall of Fame">National Inventors Hall of Fame</a> (jointly with Jennifer Doudna)</li>

<li>2024 – Golden Plate Award of the <a href="Academy_of_Achievement" title="Academy of Achievement">American Academy of Achievement</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></li></ul>

</div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_doctorate_degrees">Honorary doctorate degrees</h3></div>

<ul><li>2016 – <a href="%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_F%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_de_Lausanne" title="École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne">École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne</a><a href="#cite_note-Bourquenoud_2016_g938-66">[66]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU, (Catholic University) Leuven</a>, Belgium<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> (NYU)<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></li>

<li>2017 – Faculty of Medicine, <a href="Ume%C3%A5_University" title="Umeå University">Umeå University</a>, Sweden<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></li>

<li>2017 – <a href="University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario">University of Western Ontario</a>, London, Canada<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></li>

<li>2017 – <a href="Hong_Kong_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Hong Kong University of Science and Technology">Hong Kong University of Science and Technology</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a></li>

<li>2018 – <a href="Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Université catholique de Louvain</a>, Belgium<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></li>

<li>2018 – <a href="University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a></li>

<li>2018 – <a href="University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">University of Manchester</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></li>

<li>2019 – <a href="McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill University</a>, Canada<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a></li>

<li>2024 – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.usask.ca/articles/community/2024/usask-to-celebrate-distinguished-honorary-degree-recipients.php">University of Saskatchewan</a>, Canada</li>

<li>2024 – <a href="University_of_Perugia" title="University of Perugia">University of Perugia</a>, Perugia, Italy<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memberships">Memberships</h3></div>

<ul><li>2014 – <a href="European_Molecular_Biology_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="European Molecular Biology Organisation">European Molecular Biology Organisation</a><a href="#cite_note-Find_people_in_the_EMBO_Communities_w845-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nachrichten_aus_der_Wissenschaft_»_idw_2014_k381-78">[78]</a></li>

<li>2015 – <a href="National_Academy_of_Sciences_Leopoldina" class="mw-redirect" title="National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina">National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Berlin-Brandenburg_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences">Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Austrian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Austrian Academy of Sciences">Austrian Academy of Sciences</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></li>

<li>2016 – <a href="Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences">Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a></li>

<li>2017 – U.S. <a href="National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a>, Foreign Associate<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a></li>

<li>2017 – <a href="French_Academy_of_Technologies" title="French Academy of Technologies">National Academy of Technologies of France</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></li>

<li>2017 – French <a href="Acad%C3%A9mie_des_sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Académie des sciences">Académie des sciences</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></li>

<li>2018 – <a href="European_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="European Academy of Sciences and Arts">European Academy of Sciences and Arts</a><a href="#cite_note-European_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts-86">[86]</a></li>

<li>2021 – <a href="Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Pontifical Academy of Sciences</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li>

<li>2024 – Foreign Member of the <a href="Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2></div>

In 2019, Charpentier was a featured character in the play STEM FEMMES by Philadelphia theater company Applied Mechanics.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a>

In 2021, <a href="Walter_Isaacson" title="Walter Isaacson">Walter Isaacson</a> detailed the story of Jennifer Doudna and her collaboration with Charpentier leading to the discovery of CRISPR/CAS-9, in the biography <a href="The_Code_Breaker%3A_Jennifer_Doudna%2C_Gene_Editing%2C_and_the_Future_of_the_Human_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race">The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFBusch-VishniacBuschTietjen2024" class="citation book cs1">Busch-Vishniac, Ilene; Busch, Lauren; Tietjen, Jill (2024). "Chapter 50. Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna". Women in the National Inventors Hall of Fame: The First 50 Years. Springer Nature. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9783031755255</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Emmanuelle_Charpentier" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Emmanuelle Charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmanuelle-charpentier.org/">Official website</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmanuelle-charpentier-lab.org/our-team/lab-emmanuelle-charpentier/about-emmanuelle-charpentier/">Extensive biography of Emmanuelle Charpentier</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210212202955/https://www.emmanuelle-charpentier-lab.org/our-team/lab-emmanuelle-charpentier/about-emmanuelle-charpentier/">Archived</a> 12 February 2021 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.umu.se/en/staff/emmanuelle-charpentier/">Umeå University Staff Directory: Emmanuelle Charpentier</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151101111003/http://www.mims.umu.se/groups/emmanuelle-charpentier/cv-charpentier.html">Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden – Short Curriculum Vitae of Emmanuelle Charpentier</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150806123241/http://crisprtx.com/overview/scientific-founders/">Crispr Therapeutics: Scientific Founders</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpg.de/9334617/emmanuelle-charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier to become a Director at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/991">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a> on Nobelprize.org </li></ul>

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</style><div id="History_of_biology_(timeline)253" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="History_of_biology" title="History of biology">History of biology</a> (<a href="Timeline_of_biology_and_organic_chemistry" title="Timeline of biology and organic chemistry">timeline</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fields, disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="History_of_agricultural_science" title="History of agricultural science">Agricultural science</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_anatomy" title="History of anatomy">Anatomy</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_biochemistry" title="History of biochemistry">Biochemistry</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_biotechnology" title="History of biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_botany" title="History of botany">Botany</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_ecology" title="History of ecology">Ecology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_evolutionary_thought" title="History of evolutionary thought">Evolutionary thought</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_genetics" title="History of genetics">Genetics</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_geology" title="History of geology">Geology</a></li>

<li><a href="Timeline_of_immunology" title="Timeline of immunology">Immunology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_medicine" title="History of medicine">Medicine</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_model_organisms" title="History of model organisms">Model organisms</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_molecular_biology" title="History of molecular biology">Molecular biology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_molecular_evolution" title="History of molecular evolution">Molecular evolution</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_paleontology" title="History of paleontology">Paleontology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_phycology" title="History of phycology">Phycology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_plant_systematics" title="History of plant systematics">Plant systematics</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_RNA_biology" title="History of RNA biology">RNA biology</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_zoology_through_1859" title="History of zoology through 1859">Zoology (through 1859)</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_zoology_since_1859" class="mw-redirect" title="History of zoology since 1859">Zoology (since 1859)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theories, concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Germ_theory_of_disease" title="Germ theory of disease">Germ theory of disease</a></li>

<li><a href="Central_dogma_of_molecular_biology" title="Central dogma of molecular biology">Central dogma of molecular biology</a></li>

<li><a href="Darwinism" title="Darwinism">Darwinism</a></li>

<li><a href="Great_chain_of_being" title="Great chain of being">Great chain of being</a></li>

<li><a href="Biological_organisation" title="Biological organisation">Hierarchy of life</a></li>

<li><a href="Lamarckism" title="Lamarckism">Lamarckism</a></li>

<li><a href="One_gene%E2%80%93one_enzyme_hypothesis" title="One gene–one enzyme hypothesis">One gene–one enzyme hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Protocell" title="Protocell">Protocell</a></li>

<li><a href="RNA_world" title="RNA world">RNA world</a></li>

<li><a href="Sequence_hypothesis" title="Sequence hypothesis">Sequence hypothesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Spontaneous_generation" title="Spontaneous generation">Spontaneous generation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="History_of_science" title="History of science">History of science</a></li>

<li><a href="Philosophy_of_biology" title="Philosophy of biology">Philosophy of biology</a>

<ul><li><a href="Teleology_in_biology" title="Teleology in biology">Teleology</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Ethnobotany" title="Ethnobotany">Ethnobotany</a></li>

<li><a href="Eugenics" title="Eugenics">Eugenics</a></li>

<li><a href="Dysgenics" title="Dysgenics">Dysgenics</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_the_creation%E2%80%93evolution_controversy" title="History of the creation–evolution controversy">History of the creation-evolution controversy</a></li>

<li><a href="Human_Genome_Project" title="Human Genome Project">Human Genome Project</a></li>

<li><a href="Humboldtian_science" title="Humboldtian science">Humboldtian science</a></li>

<li><a href="Natural_history" title="Natural history">Natural history</a></li>

<li><a href="Natural_philosophy" title="Natural philosophy">Natural philosophy</a></li>

<li><a href="Natural_theology" title="Natural theology">Natural theology</a></li>

<li><a href="Relationship_between_religion_and_science" title="Relationship between religion and science">Relationship between religion and science</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Emmanuelle_Charpentier100" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Emmanuelle_Charpentier100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Emmanuelle Charpentier</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px">

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry144" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Laureates_of_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry144" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Chemistry" title="List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry">Laureates</a> of the <a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>1901: <a href="Jacobus_Henricus_van_'t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Jacobus van 't Hoff</a></li>

<li>1902: <a href="Emil_Fischer" title="Emil Fischer">Emil Fischer</a></li>

<li>1903: <a href="Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a></li>

<li>1904: <a href="William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a></li>

<li>1905: <a href="Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Adolf von Baeyer</a></li>

<li>1906: <a href="Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Henri Moissan</a></li>

<li>1907: <a href="Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Eduard Buchner</a></li>

<li>1908: <a href="Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a></li>

<li>1909: <a href="Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Wilhelm Ostwald</a></li>

<li>1910: <a href="Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Otto Wallach</a></li>

<li>1911: <a href="Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie Curie</a></li>

<li>1912: <a href="Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Victor Grignard</a> / <a href="Paul_Sabatier_(chemist)" title="Paul Sabatier (chemist)">Paul Sabatier</a></li>

<li>1913: <a href="Alfred_Werner" title="Alfred Werner">Alfred Werner</a></li>

<li>1914: <a href="Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Theodore Richards</a></li>

<li>1915: <a href="Richard_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Willstätter">Richard Willstätter</a></li>

<li>1918: <a href="Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a></li>

<li>1920: <a href="Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Walther Nernst</a></li>

<li>1921: <a href="Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Frederick Soddy</a></li>

<li>1922: <a href="Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Francis Aston</a></li>

<li>1923: <a href="Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Fritz Pregl</a></li>

<li>1925: <a href="Richard_Adolf_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Adolf Zsigmondy">Richard Zsigmondy</a></li></ul>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>1926: <a href="Theodor_Svedberg" title="Theodor Svedberg">Theodor Svedberg</a></li>

<li>1927: <a href="Heinrich_Otto_Wieland" title="Heinrich Otto Wieland">Heinrich Wieland</a></li>

<li>1928: <a href="Adolf_Windaus" title="Adolf Windaus">Adolf Windaus</a></li>

<li>1929: <a href="Arthur_Harden" title="Arthur Harden">Arthur Harden</a> / <a href="Hans_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans von Euler-Chelpin">Hans von Euler-Chelpin</a></li>

<li>1930: <a href="Hans_Fischer" title="Hans Fischer">Hans Fischer</a></li>

<li>1931: <a href="Carl_Bosch" title="Carl Bosch">Carl Bosch</a> / <a href="Friedrich_Bergius" title="Friedrich Bergius">Friedrich Bergius</a></li>

<li>1932: <a href="Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Irving Langmuir</a></li>

<li>1934: <a href="Harold_Urey" title="Harold Urey">Harold Urey</a></li>

<li>1935: <a href="Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">Frédéric Joliot-Curie</a> / <a href="Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">Irène Joliot-Curie</a></li>

<li>1936: <a href="Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Peter Debye</a></li>

<li>1937: <a href="Norman_Haworth" title="Norman Haworth">Norman Haworth</a> / <a href="Paul_Karrer" title="Paul Karrer">Paul Karrer</a></li>

<li>1938: <a href="Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Richard Kuhn</a></li>

<li>1939: <a href="Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Adolf Butenandt</a> / <a href="Leopold_Ru%C5%BEi%C4%8Dka" title="Leopold Ružička">Leopold Ružička</a></li>

<li>1943: <a href="George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">George de Hevesy</a></li>

<li>1945: <a href="Artturi_Ilmari_Virtanen" title="Artturi Ilmari Virtanen">Artturi Virtanen</a></li>

<li>1946: <a href="James_B._Sumner" title="James B. Sumner">James B. Sumner</a> / <a href="John_Howard_Northrop" title="John Howard Northrop">John Northrop</a> / <a href="Wendell_Meredith_Stanley" title="Wendell Meredith Stanley">Wendell Meredith Stanley</a></li>

<li>1947: <a href="Robert_Robinson_(chemist)" title="Robert Robinson (chemist)">Robert Robinson</a></li>

<li>1948: <a href="Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Arne Tiselius</a></li>

<li>1949: <a href="William_Giauque" title="William Giauque">William Giauque</a></li>

<li>1950: <a href="Otto_Diels" title="Otto Diels">Otto Diels</a> / <a href="Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Kurt Alder</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>1951: <a href="Edwin_McMillan" title="Edwin McMillan">Edwin McMillan</a> / <a href="Glenn_T._Seaborg" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Glenn T. Seaborg</a></li>

<li>1952: <a href="Archer_Martin" title="Archer Martin">Archer Martin</a> / <a href="Richard_Laurence_Millington_Synge" title="Richard Laurence Millington Synge">Richard Synge</a></li>

<li>1953: <a href="Hermann_Staudinger" title="Hermann Staudinger">Hermann Staudinger</a></li>

<li>1954: <a href="Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></li>

<li>1955: <a href="Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">Vincent du Vigneaud</a></li>

<li>1956: <a href="Cyril_Norman_Hinshelwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyril Norman Hinshelwood">Cyril Hinshelwood</a> / <a href="Nikolay_Semyonov" title="Nikolay Semyonov">Nikolay Semyonov</a></li>

<li>1957: <a href="Alexander_R._Todd" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander R. Todd">Alexander Todd</a></li>

<li>1958: <a href="Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></li>

<li>1959: <a href="Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Jaroslav Heyrovský</a></li>

<li>1960: <a href="Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a></li>

<li>1961: <a href="Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a></li>

<li>1962: <a href="Max_Perutz" title="Max Perutz">Max Perutz</a> / <a href="John_Kendrew" title="John Kendrew">John Kendrew</a></li>

<li>1963: <a href="Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Karl Ziegler</a> / <a href="Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Giulio Natta</a></li>

<li>1964: <a href="Dorothy_Hodgkin" title="Dorothy Hodgkin">Dorothy Hodgkin</a></li>

<li>1965: <a href="Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a></li>

<li>1966: <a href="Robert_S._Mulliken" title="Robert S. Mulliken">Robert S. Mulliken</a></li>

<li>1967: <a href="Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Manfred Eigen</a> / <a href="Ronald_George_Wreyford_Norrish" title="Ronald George Wreyford Norrish">Ronald Norrish</a> / <a href="George_Porter" title="George Porter">George Porter</a></li>

<li>1968: <a href="Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Lars Onsager</a></li>

<li>1969: <a href="Derek_Barton" title="Derek Barton">Derek Barton</a> / <a href="Odd_Hassel" title="Odd Hassel">Odd Hassel</a></li>

<li>1970: <a href="Luis_Federico_Leloir" title="Luis Federico Leloir">Luis Federico Leloir</a></li>

<li>1971: <a href="Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Gerhard Herzberg</a></li>

<li>1972: <a href="Christian_B._Anfinsen" title="Christian B. Anfinsen">Christian B. Anfinsen</a> / <a href="Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Stanford Moore</a> / <a href="William_Howard_Stein" title="William Howard Stein">William Stein</a></li>

<li>1973: <a href="Ernst_Otto_Fischer" title="Ernst Otto Fischer">Ernst Otto Fischer</a> / <a href="Geoffrey_Wilkinson" title="Geoffrey Wilkinson">Geoffrey Wilkinson</a></li>

<li>1974: <a href="Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Paul Flory</a></li>

<li>1975: <a href="John_Cornforth" title="John Cornforth">John Cornforth</a> / <a href="Vladimir_Prelog" title="Vladimir Prelog">Vladimir Prelog</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>1976: <a href="William_Lipscomb" title="William Lipscomb">William Lipscomb</a></li>

<li>1977: <a href="Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Ilya Prigogine</a></li>

<li>1978: <a href="Peter_D._Mitchell" title="Peter D. Mitchell">Peter D. Mitchell</a></li>

<li>1979: <a href="Herbert_C._Brown" title="Herbert C. Brown">Herbert C. Brown</a> / <a href="Georg_Wittig" title="Georg Wittig">Georg Wittig</a></li>

<li>1980: <a href="Paul_Berg" title="Paul Berg">Paul Berg</a> / <a href="Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a> / <a href="Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></li>

<li>1981: <a href="Kenichi_Fukui" title="Kenichi Fukui">Kenichi Fukui</a> / <a href="Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Roald Hoffmann</a></li>

<li>1982: <a href="Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Aaron Klug</a></li>

<li>1983: <a href="Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Henry Taube</a></li>

<li>1984: <a href="Robert_Bruce_Merrifield" title="Robert Bruce Merrifield">Robert Merrifield</a></li>

<li>1985: <a href="Herbert_A._Hauptman" title="Herbert A. Hauptman">Herbert A. Hauptman</a> / <a href="Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle">Jerome Karle</a></li>

<li>1986: <a href="Dudley_R._Herschbach" title="Dudley R. Herschbach">Dudley R. Herschbach</a> / <a href="Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Yuan T. Lee</a> / <a href="John_Polanyi" title="John Polanyi">John Polanyi</a></li>

<li>1987: <a href="Donald_J._Cram" title="Donald J. Cram">Donald J. Cram</a> / <a href="Jean-Marie_Lehn" title="Jean-Marie Lehn">Jean-Marie Lehn</a> / <a href="Charles_J._Pedersen" title="Charles J. Pedersen">Charles J. Pedersen</a></li>

<li>1988: <a href="Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Johann Deisenhofer</a> / <a href="Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Robert Huber</a> / <a href="Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Hartmut Michel</a></li>

<li>1989: <a href="Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Sidney Altman</a> / <a href="Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech">Thomas Cech</a></li>

<li>1990: <a href="Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias Corey</a></li>

<li>1991: <a href="Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Richard R. Ernst</a></li>

<li>1992: <a href="Rudolph_A._Marcus" title="Rudolph A. Marcus">Rudolph A. Marcus</a></li>

<li>1993: <a href="Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Kary Mullis</a> / <a href="Michael_Smith_(chemist)" title="Michael Smith (chemist)">Michael Smith</a></li>

<li>1994: <a href="George_Andrew_Olah" title="George Andrew Olah">George Olah</a></li>

<li>1995: <a href="Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Paul J. Crutzen</a> / <a href="Mario_Molina" title="Mario Molina">Mario Molina</a> / <a href="F._Sherwood_Rowland" title="F. Sherwood Rowland">F. Sherwood Rowland</a></li>

<li>1996: <a href="Robert_Curl" title="Robert Curl">Robert Curl</a> / <a href="Harry_Kroto" title="Harry Kroto">Harold Kroto</a> / <a href="Richard_Smalley" title="Richard Smalley">Richard Smalley</a></li>

<li>1997: <a href="Paul_D._Boyer" title="Paul D. Boyer">Paul D. Boyer</a> / <a href="John_E._Walker" title="John E. Walker">John E. Walker</a> / <a href="Jens_Christian_Skou" title="Jens Christian Skou">Jens Christian Skou</a></li>

<li>1998: <a href="Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Walter Kohn</a> / <a href="John_Pople" title="John Pople">John Pople</a></li>

<li>1999: <a href="Ahmed_Zewail" title="Ahmed Zewail">Ahmed Zewail</a></li>

<li>2000: <a href="Alan_J._Heeger" title="Alan J. Heeger">Alan J. Heeger</a> / <a href="Alan_MacDiarmid" title="Alan MacDiarmid">Alan MacDiarmid</a> / <a href="Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Hideki Shirakawa</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>2001: <a href="William_Standish_Knowles" title="William Standish Knowles">William Knowles</a> / <a href="Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori" title="Ryōji Noyori">Ryoji Noyori</a> / <a href="Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">K. Barry Sharpless</a></li>

<li>2002: <a href="John_B._Fenn" title="John B. Fenn">John B. Fenn</a> / <a href="Koichi_Tanaka" title="Koichi Tanaka">Koichi Tanaka</a> / <a href="Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Kurt Wüthrich</a></li>

<li>2003: <a href="Peter_Agre" title="Peter Agre">Peter Agre</a> / <a href="Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a></li>

<li>2004: <a href="Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a> / <a href="Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a> / <a href="Irwin_Rose" title="Irwin Rose">Irwin Rose</a></li>

<li>2005: <a href="Robert_H._Grubbs" title="Robert H. Grubbs">Robert H. Grubbs</a> / <a href="Richard_R._Schrock" title="Richard R. Schrock">Richard R. Schrock</a> / <a href="Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Yves Chauvin</a></li>

<li>2006: <a href="Roger_D._Kornberg" title="Roger D. Kornberg">Roger D. Kornberg</a></li>

<li>2007: <a href="Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a></li>

<li>2008: <a href="Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Osamu Shimomura</a> / <a href="Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Martin Chalfie</a> / <a href="Roger_Y._Tsien" title="Roger Y. Tsien">Roger Y. Tsien</a></li>

<li>2009: <a href="Venki_Ramakrishnan" title="Venki Ramakrishnan">Venkatraman Ramakrishnan</a> / <a href="Thomas_A._Steitz" title="Thomas A. Steitz">Thomas A. Steitz</a> / <a href="Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada E. Yonath</a></li>

<li>2010: <a href="Richard_F._Heck" title="Richard F. Heck">Richard F. Heck</a> / <a href="Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Akira Suzuki</a> / <a href="Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Ei-ichi Negishi</a></li>

<li>2011: <a href="Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Dan Shechtman</a></li>

<li>2012: <a href="Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Robert Lefkowitz</a> / <a href="Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Brian Kobilka</a></li>

<li>2013: <a href="Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Martin Karplus</a> / <a href="Michael_Levitt_(biophysicist)" title="Michael Levitt (biophysicist)">Michael Levitt</a> / <a href="Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel">Arieh Warshel</a></li>

<li>2014: <a href="Eric_Betzig" title="Eric Betzig">Eric Betzig</a> / <a href="Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan Hell</a> / <a href="William_E._Moerner" title="William E. Moerner">William E. Moerner</a></li>

<li>2015: <a href="Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a> / <a href="Paul_L._Modrich" title="Paul L. Modrich">Paul L. Modrich</a> / <a href="Aziz_Sancar" title="Aziz Sancar">Aziz Sancar</a></li>

<li>2016: <a href="Jean-Pierre_Sauvage" title="Jean-Pierre Sauvage">Jean-Pierre Sauvage</a> / <a href="Fraser_Stoddart" title="Fraser Stoddart">Fraser Stoddart</a> / <a href="Ben_Feringa" title="Ben Feringa">Ben Feringa</a></li>

<li>2017: <a href="Jacques_Dubochet" title="Jacques Dubochet">Jacques Dubochet</a> / <a href="Joachim_Frank" title="Joachim Frank">Joachim Frank</a> / <a href="Richard_Henderson_(biologist)" title="Richard Henderson (biologist)">Richard Henderson</a></li>

<li>2018: <a href="Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a> / <a href="Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Gregory Winter</a> / <a href="George_Smith_(chemist)" title="George Smith (chemist)">George Smith</a></li>

<li>2019: <a href="John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a> / <a href="M._Stanley_Whittingham" title="M. Stanley Whittingham">M. Stanley Whittingham</a> / <a href="Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a></li>

<li>2020: / <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a></li>

<li>2021: <a href="David_MacMillan" title="David MacMillan">David MacMillan</a> / <a href="Benjamin_List" title="Benjamin List">Benjamin List</a></li>

<li>2022: <a href="Carolyn_Bertozzi" title="Carolyn Bertozzi">Carolyn R. Bertozzi</a> / <a href="Morten_P._Meldal" title="Morten P. Meldal">Morten P. Meldal</a> / <a href="Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Karl Barry Sharpless</a></li>

<li>2023: <a href="Moungi_Bawendi" title="Moungi Bawendi">Moungi G. Bawendi</a> / <a href="Louis_E._Brus" title="Louis E. Brus">Louis E. Brus</a> / <a href="Alexey_Ekimov" title="Alexey Ekimov">Alexei I. Ekimov</a></li>

<li>2024: <a href="David_Baker_(biochemist)" title="David Baker (biochemist)">David Baker</a> / <a href="Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a> / <a href="John_M._Jumper" title="John M. Jumper">John M. Jumper</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2020_Nobel_Prize_laureates915" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2020_Nobel_Prize_laureates915" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020 <a href="Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li> (France)</li>

<li><a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> (United States)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="2020_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2020 Nobel Prize in Literature">2020</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="Louise_Gl%C3%BCck" title="Louise Glück">Louise Glück</a> (United States)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> (<a href="2020_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2020 Nobel Peace Prize">2020</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Roger Penrose</a> (United Kingdom)</li>

<li><a href="Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Reinhard Genzel</a> (Germany)</li>

<li><a href="Andrea_M._Ghez" title="Andrea M. Ghez">Andrea M. Ghez</a> (United States)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a> (<a href="2020_Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">2020</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Harvey_J._Alter" title="Harvey J. Alter">Harvey J. Alter</a> (United States)</li>

<li><a href="Michael_Houghton_(virologist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Houghton (virologist)">Michael Houghton</a> (United Kingdom)</li>

<li><a href="Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Charles M. Rice</a> (United States)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a> (<a href="2020_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="2020 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">2020</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Paul_Milgrom" title="Paul Milgrom">Paul Milgrom</a> (United States)</li>

<li><a href="Robert_B._Wilson" title="Robert B. Wilson">Robert B. Wilson</a> (United States)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<dl><dt><a href="List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></dt>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Breakthrough_Prize_laureates203" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Breakthrough_Prize_laureates203" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Breakthrough_Prize" title="Breakthrough Prize">Breakthrough Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Breakthrough_Prize_in_Mathematics" title="Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics">Mathematics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Simon_Donaldson" title="Simon Donaldson">Simon Donaldson</a>, <a href="Maxim_Kontsevich" title="Maxim Kontsevich">Maxim Kontsevich</a>, <a href="Jacob_Lurie" title="Jacob Lurie">Jacob Lurie</a>, <a href="Terence_Tao" title="Terence Tao">Terence Tao</a> and <a href="Richard_Taylor_(mathematician)" title="Richard Taylor (mathematician)">Richard Taylor</a> (2015)</li>

<li><a href="Jean_Bourgain" title="Jean Bourgain">Jean Bourgain</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="Christopher_Hacon" title="Christopher Hacon">Christopher Hacon</a>, <a href="James_McKernan" title="James McKernan">James McKernan</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="Vincent_Lafforgue" title="Vincent Lafforgue">Vincent Lafforgue</a> (2019)</li>

<li><a href="Alex_Eskin" title="Alex Eskin">Alex Eskin</a> (2020)</li>

<li><a href="Martin_Hairer" title="Martin Hairer">Martin Hairer</a> (2021)</li>

<li><a href="Takuro_Mochizuki" class="mw-redirect" title="Takuro Mochizuki">Takuro Mochizuki</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Daniel_A._Spielman" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel A. Spielman">Daniel A. Spielman</a> (2023)</li>

<li><a href="Simon_Brendle" title="Simon Brendle">Simon Brendle</a> (2024)</li>

<li><a href="Dennis_Gaitsgory" title="Dennis Gaitsgory">Dennis Gaitsgory</a> (2025)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Breakthrough_Prize_in_Fundamental_Physics" title="Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics">Fundamental physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nima_Arkani-Hamed" title="Nima Arkani-Hamed">Nima Arkani-Hamed</a>, <a href="Alan_Guth" title="Alan Guth">Alan Guth</a>, <a href="Alexei_Kitaev" title="Alexei Kitaev">Alexei Kitaev</a>, <a href="Maxim_Kontsevich" title="Maxim Kontsevich">Maxim Kontsevich</a>, <a href="Andrei_Linde" title="Andrei Linde">Andrei Linde</a>, <a href="Juan_Mart%C3%ADn_Maldacena" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Martín Maldacena">Juan Maldacena</a>, <a href="Nathan_Seiberg" title="Nathan Seiberg">Nathan Seiberg</a>, <a href="Ashoke_Sen" title="Ashoke Sen">Ashoke Sen</a>, <a href="Edward_Witten" title="Edward Witten">Edward Witten</a> (2012)</li>

<li>Special: <a href="Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a>, <a href="Peter_Jenni" title="Peter Jenni">Peter Jenni</a>, <a href="Fabiola_Gianotti" title="Fabiola Gianotti">Fabiola Gianotti</a> (ATLAS), <a href="Michel_Della_Negra" title="Michel Della Negra">Michel Della Negra</a>, <a href="Tejinder_Virdee" title="Tejinder Virdee">Tejinder Virdee</a>, <a href="Guido_Tonelli" title="Guido Tonelli">Guido Tonelli</a>, <a href="Joseph_Incandela" title="Joseph Incandela">Joseph Incandela</a> (CMS) and <a href="Lyn_Evans" title="Lyn Evans">Lyn Evans</a> (LHC) (2013)</li>

<li><a href="Alexander_Markovich_Polyakov" title="Alexander Markovich Polyakov">Alexander Polyakov</a> (2013)</li>

<li><a href="Michael_Green_(physicist)" title="Michael Green (physicist)">Michael Green</a> and <a href="John_Henry_Schwarz" title="John Henry Schwarz">John Henry Schwarz</a> (2014)</li>

<li><a href="Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Saul Perlmutter</a> and members of the <a href="Supernova_Cosmology_Project" title="Supernova Cosmology Project">Supernova Cosmology Project</a>; <a href="Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Brian Schmidt</a>, <a href="Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Adam Riess</a> and members of the <a href="High-Z_Supernova_Search_Team" title="High-Z Supernova Search Team">High-Z Supernova Team</a> (2015)</li>

<li>Special: <a href="Ronald_Drever" title="Ronald Drever">Ronald Drever</a>, <a href="Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Kip Thorne</a>, <a href="Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Rainer Weiss</a> and contributors to <a href="LIGO" title="LIGO">LIGO</a> project (2016)</li>

<li><a href="Wang_Yifang" title="Wang Yifang">Yifang Wang</a>, <a href="Kam-Biu_Luk" title="Kam-Biu Luk">Kam-Biu Luk</a> and the <a href="Daya_Bay_Reactor_Neutrino_Experiment" title="Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment">Daya Bay team</a>, <a href="Atsuto_Suzuki" title="Atsuto Suzuki">Atsuto Suzuki</a> and the <a href="Kamioka_Liquid_Scintillator_Antineutrino_Detector" title="Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Antineutrino Detector">KamLAND</a> team, <a href="K%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Nishikawa" title="Kōichirō Nishikawa">Kōichirō Nishikawa</a> and the <a href="K2K_experiment" title="K2K experiment">K2K</a> / <a href="T2K_experiment" title="T2K experiment">T2K</a> team, <a href="Arthur_B._McDonald" title="Arthur B. McDonald">Arthur B. McDonald</a> and the <a href="Sudbury_Neutrino_Observatory" title="Sudbury Neutrino Observatory">Sudbury Neutrino Observatory</a> team, <a href="Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Takaaki Kajita</a> and <a href="Y%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Suzuki" title="Yōichirō Suzuki">Yōichirō Suzuki</a> and the <a href="Super-Kamiokande" title="Super-Kamiokande">Super-Kamiokande</a> team (2016)</li>

<li><a href="Joseph_Polchinski" title="Joseph Polchinski">Joseph Polchinski</a>, <a href="Andrew_Strominger" title="Andrew Strominger">Andrew Strominger</a>, <a href="Cumrun_Vafa" title="Cumrun Vafa">Cumrun Vafa</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="Charles_L._Bennett" title="Charles L. Bennett">Charles L. Bennett</a>, <a href="Gary_Hinshaw" title="Gary Hinshaw">Gary Hinshaw</a>, <a href="Norman_Jarosik" title="Norman Jarosik">Norman Jarosik</a>, <a href="Lyman_Page" title="Lyman Page">Lyman Page Jr.</a>, <a href="David_Spergel" title="David Spergel">David Spergel</a> (2018)</li>

<li>Special: <a href="Jocelyn_Bell_Burnell" title="Jocelyn Bell Burnell">Jocelyn Bell Burnell</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="Charles_L._Kane" title="Charles L. Kane">Charles Kane</a> and <a href="Eugene_J._Mele" title="Eugene J. Mele">Eugene Mele</a> (2019)</li>

<li>Special: <a href="Sergio_Ferrara" title="Sergio Ferrara">Sergio Ferrara</a>, <a href="Daniel_Z._Freedman" title="Daniel Z. Freedman">Daniel Z. Freedman</a>, <a href="Peter_van_Nieuwenhuizen" title="Peter van Nieuwenhuizen">Peter van Nieuwenhuizen</a> (2019)</li>

<li><a href="The_Event_Horizon_Telescope_Collaboration" class="mw-redirect" title="The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration">The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration</a> (2020)</li>

<li><a href="Eric_Adelberger" class="mw-redirect" title="Eric Adelberger">Eric Adelberger</a>, <a href="Jens_H._Gundlach" title="Jens H. Gundlach">Jens H. Gundlach</a> and <a href="Blayne_Heckel" title="Blayne Heckel">Blayne Heckel</a> (2021)</li>

<li>Special: <a href="Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Steven Weinberg</a> (2021)</li>

<li><a href="Hidetoshi_Katori" title="Hidetoshi Katori">Hidetoshi Katori</a> and <a href="Jun_Ye" title="Jun Ye">Jun Ye</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Charles_H._Bennett_(physicist)" title="Charles H. Bennett (physicist)">Charles H. Bennett</a>, <a href="Gilles_Brassard" title="Gilles Brassard">Gilles Brassard</a>, <a href="David_Deutsch" title="David Deutsch">David Deutsch</a>, <a href="Peter_W._Shor" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter W. Shor">Peter W. Shor</a> (2023)</li>

<li><a href="John_Cardy" title="John Cardy">John Cardy</a> and <a href="Alexander_Zamolodchikov" title="Alexander Zamolodchikov">Alexander Zamolodchikov</a> (2024)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Breakthrough_Prize_in_Life_Sciences" title="Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences">Life sciences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cornelia_Bargmann" title="Cornelia Bargmann">Cornelia Bargmann</a>, <a href="David_Botstein" title="David Botstein">David Botstein</a>, <a href="Lewis_C._Cantley" title="Lewis C. Cantley">Lewis C. Cantley</a>, <a href="Hans_Clevers" title="Hans Clevers">Hans Clevers</a>, <a href="Titia_de_Lange" title="Titia de Lange">Titia de Lange</a>, <a href="Napoleone_Ferrara" title="Napoleone Ferrara">Napoleone Ferrara</a>, <a href="Eric_Lander" title="Eric Lander">Eric Lander</a>, <a href="Charles_Sawyers" title="Charles Sawyers">Charles Sawyers</a>, <a href="Robert_Weinberg_(biologist)" title="Robert Weinberg (biologist)">Robert Weinberg</a>, <a href="Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Shinya Yamanaka</a> and <a href="Bert_Vogelstein" title="Bert Vogelstein">Bert Vogelstein</a> (2013)</li>

<li><a href="James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">James P. Allison</a>, <a href="Mahlon_DeLong" title="Mahlon DeLong">Mahlon DeLong</a>, <a href="Michael_N._Hall" title="Michael N. Hall">Michael N. Hall</a>, <a href="Robert_S._Langer" title="Robert S. Langer">Robert S. Langer</a>, <a href="Richard_P._Lifton" title="Richard P. Lifton">Richard P. Lifton</a> and <a href="Alexander_Varshavsky" title="Alexander Varshavsky">Alexander Varshavsky</a> (2014)</li>

<li><a href="Alim_Louis_Benabid" title="Alim Louis Benabid">Alim Louis Benabid</a>, <a href="Charles_David_Allis" title="Charles David Allis">Charles David Allis</a>, <a href="Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Victor Ambros</a>, <a href="Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Gary Ruvkun</a>, <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> and (2015)</li>

<li><a href="Edward_Boyden" title="Edward Boyden">Edward Boyden</a>, <a href="Karl_Deisseroth" title="Karl Deisseroth">Karl Deisseroth</a>, <a href="John_Hardy_(geneticist)" title="John Hardy (geneticist)">John Hardy</a>, <a href="Helen_Hobbs" title="Helen Hobbs">Helen Hobbs</a> and <a href="Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a> (2016)</li>

<li><a href="Stephen_Elledge" title="Stephen Elledge">Stephen J. Elledge</a>, <a href="Harry_F._Noller" title="Harry F. Noller">Harry F. Noller</a>, <a href="Roel_Nusse" title="Roel Nusse">Roeland Nusse</a>, <a href="Yoshinori_Ohsumi" title="Yoshinori Ohsumi">Yoshinori Ohsumi</a>, <a href="Huda_Zoghbi" title="Huda Zoghbi">Huda Zoghbi</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="Joanne_Chory" title="Joanne Chory">Joanne Chory</a>, <a href="Peter_Walter" title="Peter Walter">Peter Walter</a>, <a href="Kazutoshi_Mori" title="Kazutoshi Mori">Kazutoshi Mori</a>, <a href="Kim_Nasmyth" title="Kim Nasmyth">Kim Nasmyth</a>, <a href="Don_W._Cleveland" title="Don W. Cleveland">Don W. Cleveland</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="C._Frank_Bennett" title="C. Frank Bennett">C. Frank Bennett</a> and <a href="Adrian_R._Krainer" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrian R. Krainer">Adrian R. Krainer</a>, <a href="Angelika_Amon" title="Angelika Amon">Angelika Amon</a>, <a href="Xiaowei_Zhuang" title="Xiaowei Zhuang">Xiaowei Zhuang</a>, <a href="Zhijian_Chen" title="Zhijian Chen">Zhijian Chen</a> (2019)</li>

<li><a href="Jeffrey_M._Friedman" title="Jeffrey M. Friedman">Jeffrey M. Friedman</a>, <a href="Franz-Ulrich_Hartl" title="Franz-Ulrich Hartl">Franz-Ulrich Hartl</a>, <a href="Arthur_L._Horwich" title="Arthur L. Horwich">Arthur L. Horwich</a>, <a href="David_Julius" title="David Julius">David Julius</a>, <a href="Virginia_Man-Yee_Lee" title="Virginia Man-Yee Lee">Virginia Man-Yee Lee</a> (2020)</li>

<li><a href="David_Baker_(biochemist)" title="David Baker (biochemist)">David Baker</a>, <a href="Catherine_Dulac" title="Catherine Dulac">Catherine Dulac</a>, <a href="Dennis_Lo" title="Dennis Lo">Dennis Lo</a>, <a href="Richard_J._Youle" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard J. Youle">Richard J. Youle</a> (2021)</li>

<li><a href="Jeffery_W._Kelly" title="Jeffery W. Kelly">Jeffery W. Kelly</a>, <a href="Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Katalin Karikó</a>, <a href="Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Drew Weissman</a>, <a href="Shankar_Balasubramanian" title="Shankar Balasubramanian">Shankar Balasubramanian</a>, <a href="David_Klenerman" title="David Klenerman">David Klenerman</a> and <a href="Pascal_Mayer" title="Pascal Mayer">Pascal Mayer</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Clifford_P._Brangwynne" title="Clifford P. Brangwynne">Clifford P. Brangwynne</a>, <a href="Anthony_A._Hyman" title="Anthony A. Hyman">Anthony A. Hyman</a>, <a href="Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a>, <a href="John_M._Jumper" title="John M. Jumper">John Jumper</a>, <a href="Emmanuel_Mignot" title="Emmanuel Mignot">Emmanuel Mignot</a>, <a href="Masashi_Yanagisawa" title="Masashi Yanagisawa">Masashi Yanagisawa</a> (2023)</li>

<li><a href="Carl_June" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl June">Carl June</a>, <a href="Michel_Sadelain" title="Michel Sadelain">Michel Sadelain</a>, <a href="Sabine_Hadida" title="Sabine Hadida">Sabine Hadida</a>, <a href="Paul_Negulescu" title="Paul Negulescu">Paul Negulescu</a>, Fredrick Van Goor, Thomas Gasser, <a href="Ellen_Sidransky" title="Ellen Sidransky">Ellen Sidransky</a> and <a href="Andrew_Singleton" title="Andrew Singleton">Andrew Singleton</a> (2024)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kavli_Prize_laureates60" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#eedd82;"><div id="Kavli_Prize_laureates60" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Kavli_Prize" title="Kavli Prize">Kavli Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eedd82;">Astrophysics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Maarten_Schmidt" title="Maarten Schmidt">Maarten Schmidt</a>, <a href="Donald_Lynden-Bell" title="Donald Lynden-Bell">Donald Lynden-Bell</a> (2008)</li>

<li><a href="Jerry_Nelson_(astronomer)" title="Jerry Nelson (astronomer)">Jerry E. Nelson</a>, <a href="Raymond_Wilson_(physicist)" title="Raymond Wilson (physicist)">Raymond N. Wilson</a>, <a href="Roger_Angel" title="Roger Angel">Roger Angel</a> (2010)</li>

<li><a href="David_C._Jewitt" title="David C. Jewitt">David C. Jewitt</a>, <a href="Jane_Luu" title="Jane Luu">Jane Luu</a>, <a href="Michael_E._Brown" title="Michael E. Brown">Michael E. Brown</a> (2012)</li>

<li><a href="Alan_Guth" title="Alan Guth">Alan Guth</a>, <a href="Andrei_Linde" title="Andrei Linde">Andrei Linde</a>, <a href="Alexei_Starobinsky" title="Alexei Starobinsky">Alexei Starobinsky</a> (2014)</li>

<li><a href="Ronald_Drever" title="Ronald Drever">Ronald Drever</a>, <a href="Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Kip Thorne</a>, <a href="Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Rainer Weiss</a> (2016)</li>

<li><a href="Ewine_van_Dishoeck" title="Ewine van Dishoeck">Ewine van Dishoeck</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="Andrew_Fabian" title="Andrew Fabian">Andrew Fabian</a> (2020)</li>

<li>Roger Ulrich, <a href="J%C3%B8rgen_Christensen-Dalsgaard" title="Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard">Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard</a>, <a href="Conny_Aerts" title="Conny Aerts">Conny Aerts</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Sara_Seager" title="Sara Seager">Sara Seager</a>, <a href="David_Charbonneau" title="David Charbonneau">David Charbonneau</a> (2024)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eedd82;">Nanoscience</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Louis_E._Brus" title="Louis E. Brus">Louis E. Brus</a>, <a href="Sumio_Iijima" title="Sumio Iijima">Sumio Iijima</a> (2008)</li>

<li><a href="Don_Eigler" title="Don Eigler">Donald Eigler</a>, <a href="Nadrian_Seeman" title="Nadrian Seeman">Nadrian Seeman</a> (2010)</li>

<li><a href="Mildred_Dresselhaus" title="Mildred Dresselhaus">Mildred Dresselhaus</a> (2012)</li>

<li><a href="Thomas_Ebbesen" title="Thomas Ebbesen">Thomas Ebbesen</a>, <a href="Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan Hell</a>, <a href="John_Pendry" title="John Pendry">John Pendry</a> (2014)</li>

<li><a href="Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Gerd Binnig</a>, <a href="Christoph_Gerber" title="Christoph Gerber">Christoph Gerber</a>, <a href="Calvin_Quate" title="Calvin Quate">Calvin Quate</a> (2016)</li>

<li>, <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a>, <a href="Virginijus_%C5%A0ik%C5%A1nys" title="Virginijus Šikšnys">Virginijus Šikšnys</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="Harald_Rose" title="Harald Rose">Harald Rose</a>, <a href="Maximilian_Haider" title="Maximilian Haider">Maximilian Haider</a>, <a href="Knut_Urban" title="Knut Urban">Knut Urban</a>, <a href="Ondrej_Krivanek" title="Ondrej Krivanek">Ondrej Krivanek</a> (2020)</li>

<li>Jacob Sagiv, <a href="Ralph_G._Nuzzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph G. Nuzzo">Ralph G. Nuzzo</a>, David L. Allara, <a href="George_M._Whitesides" title="George M. Whitesides">George M. Whitesides</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Robert_S._Langer" title="Robert S. Langer">Robert S. Langer</a>, <a href="Armand_Paul_Alivisatos" class="mw-redirect" title="Armand Paul Alivisatos">Armand Paul Alivisatos</a>, <a href="Chad_A._Mirkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Chad A. Mirkin">Chad A. Mirkin</a> (2024)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eedd82;">Neuroscience</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sten_Grillner" title="Sten Grillner">Sten Grillner</a>, <a href="Thomas_Jessell" title="Thomas Jessell">Thomas Jessell</a>, <a href="Pasko_Rakic" title="Pasko Rakic">Pasko Rakic</a> (2008)</li>

<li><a href="Richard_Scheller" title="Richard Scheller">Richard Scheller</a>, <a href="Thomas_C._S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas C. Südhof">Thomas C. Südhof</a>, <a href="James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">James Rothman</a> (2010)</li>

<li><a href="Cornelia_Bargmann" title="Cornelia Bargmann">Cornelia Bargmann</a>, <a href="Winfried_Denk" title="Winfried Denk">Winfried Denk</a>, <a href="Ann_Graybiel" title="Ann Graybiel">Ann Graybiel</a> (2012)</li>

<li><a href="Brenda_Milner" title="Brenda Milner">Brenda Milner</a>, <a href="John_O'Keefe_(neuroscientist)" title="John O'Keefe (neuroscientist)">John O'Keefe</a>, <a href="Marcus_Raichle" title="Marcus Raichle">Marcus Raichle</a> (2014)</li>

<li><a href="Eve_Marder" title="Eve Marder">Eve Marder</a>, <a href="Michael_Merzenich" title="Michael Merzenich">Michael Merzenich</a>, <a href="Carla_J._Shatz" title="Carla J. Shatz">Carla J. Shatz</a> (2016)</li>

<li><a href="A._James_Hudspeth" title="A. James Hudspeth">A. James Hudspeth</a>, <a href="Robert_Fettiplace" title="Robert Fettiplace">Robert Fettiplace</a>, <a href="Christine_Petit" title="Christine Petit">Christine Petit</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="David_Julius" title="David Julius">David Julius</a>, <a href="Ardem_Patapoutian" title="Ardem Patapoutian">Ardem Patapoutian</a> (2020)</li>

<li><a href="Jean-Louis_Mandel" title="Jean-Louis Mandel">Jean-Louis Mandel</a>, Harry T. Orr, <a href="Christopher_A._Walsh" title="Christopher A. Walsh">Christopher A. Walsh</a>, <a href="Huda_Zoghbi" title="Huda Zoghbi">Huda Zoghbi</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Nancy_Kanwisher" title="Nancy Kanwisher">Nancy Kanwisher</a>, Winrich Freiwald, <a href="Doris_Ying_Tsao" class="mw-redirect" title="Doris Ying Tsao">Doris Ying Tsao</a> (2024)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Technical_and_Scientific_Research123" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#99d6ff;"><div id="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Technical_and_Scientific_Research123" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="Princess_of_Asturias_Awards" title="Princess of Asturias Awards">Prince or Princess of Asturias Award</a> for Technical and Scientific Research</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Prince_of_Asturias_Award_for_Technical_and_Scientific_Research62" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>1981: <a href="Alberto_Sols" title="Alberto Sols">Alberto Sols</a></li>

<li>1982: <a href="Manuel_Ballester" title="Manuel Ballester">Manuel Ballester</a></li>

<li>1983: <a href="Luis_Santal%C3%B3" title="Luis Santaló">Luis Antonio Santaló Sors</a></li>

<li>1984: <a href="Antonio_Garcia-Bellido" title="Antonio Garcia-Bellido">Antonio Garcia-Bellido</a></li>

<li>1985: David Vázquez Martínez and <a href="Emilio_Rosenblueth" title="Emilio Rosenblueth">Emilio Rosenblueth</a></li>

<li>1986: Antonio González González</li>

<li>1987: <a href="Jacinto_Convit" title="Jacinto Convit">Jacinto Convit</a> and <a href="Pablo_Rudom%C3%ADn_Zevnovaty" title="Pablo Rudomín Zevnovaty">Pablo Rudomín</a></li>

<li>1988: <a href="Manuel_Cardona" title="Manuel Cardona">Manuel Cardona</a> and <a href="Marcos_Moshinsky" title="Marcos Moshinsky">Marcos Moshinsky</a></li>

<li>1989: <a href="Guido_M%C3%BCnch" title="Guido Münch">Guido Münch</a></li>

<li>1990: <a href="Santiago_Grisol%C3%ADa%2C_1st_Marquess_of_Grisol%C3%ADa" title="Santiago Grisolía, 1st Marquess of Grisolía">Santiago Grisolía</a> and <a href="Salvador_Moncada" title="Salvador Moncada">Salvador Moncada</a></li>

<li>1991: <a href="Francisco_Bol%C3%ADvar_Zapata" title="Francisco Bolívar Zapata">Francisco Bolívar Zapata</a></li>

<li>1992: Federico García Moliner</li>

<li>1993: <a href="Amable_Li%C3%B1%C3%A1n" title="Amable Liñán">Amable Liñán</a></li>

<li>1994: <a href="Manuel_Elkin_Patarroyo" title="Manuel Elkin Patarroyo">Manuel Patarroyo</a></li>

<li>1995: Manuel Losada Villasante and <a href="Instituto_Nacional_de_Biodiversidad" title="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad">Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad</a> of Costa Rica</li>

<li>1996: <a href="Valent%C3%ADn_Fuster" title="Valentín Fuster">Valentín Fuster</a></li>

<li>1997: <a href="Archaeological_site_of_Atapuerca" title="Archaeological site of Atapuerca">Atapuerca</a> research team</li>

<li>1998: <a href="Emilio_M%C3%A9ndez_P%C3%A9rez" title="Emilio Méndez Pérez">Emilio Méndez Pérez</a> and <a href="Pedro_Miguel_Etxenike" title="Pedro Miguel Etxenike">Pedro Miguel Echenique Landiríbar</a></li>

<li>1999: <a href="Ricardo_Miledi" title="Ricardo Miledi">Ricardo Miledi</a> and <a href="Enrique_Moreno_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Enrique Moreno González">Enrique Moreno González</a></li>

<li>2000: <a href="Robert_Gallo" title="Robert Gallo">Robert Gallo</a> and <a href="Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Luc Montagnier</a></li>

<li>2001: <a href="Craig_Venter" title="Craig Venter">Craig Venter</a>, <a href="John_Sulston" title="John Sulston">John Sulston</a>, <a href="Francis_Collins" title="Francis Collins">Francis Collins</a>, <a href="Hamilton_O._Smith" title="Hamilton O. Smith">Hamilton Smith</a>, and <a href="Jean_Weissenbach" title="Jean Weissenbach">Jean Weissenbach</a></li>

<li>2002: <a href="Lawrence_Roberts_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Roberts (scientist)">Lawrence Roberts</a>, <a href="Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Robert E. Kahn</a>, <a href="Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vinton Cerf</a>, and <a href="Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li>

<li>2003: <a href="Jane_Goodall" title="Jane Goodall">Jane Goodall</a></li>

<li>2004: <a href="Judah_Folkman" title="Judah Folkman">Judah Folkman</a>, <a href="Anthony_R._Hunter" title="Anthony R. Hunter">Tony Hunter</a>, <a href="Joan_Massagu%C3%A9" title="Joan Massagué">Joan Massagué</a>, <a href="Bert_Vogelstein" title="Bert Vogelstein">Bert Vogelstein</a>, and <a href="Robert_Weinberg_(biologist)" title="Robert Weinberg (biologist)">Robert Weinberg</a></li>

<li>2005: <a href="Antonio_Damasio" title="Antonio Damasio">Antonio Damasio</a></li>

<li>2006: <a href="Juan_Ignacio_Cirac_Sasturain" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain">Juan Ignacio Cirac</a></li>

<li>2007: <a href="Peter_Anthony_Lawrence" title="Peter Anthony Lawrence">Peter Lawrence</a> and <a href="Gin%C3%A9s_Morata" title="Ginés Morata">Ginés Morata</a></li>

<li>2008: <a href="Sumio_Iijima" title="Sumio Iijima">Sumio Iijima</a>, <a href="Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Shuji Nakamura</a>, <a href="Robert_S._Langer" title="Robert S. Langer">Robert Langer</a>, <a href="George_M._Whitesides" title="George M. Whitesides">George M. Whitesides</a>, and <a href="Tobin_J._Marks" title="Tobin J. Marks">Tobin Marks</a></li>

<li>2009: <a href="Martin_Cooper_(inventor)" title="Martin Cooper (inventor)">Martin Cooper</a> and <a href="Ray_Tomlinson" title="Ray Tomlinson">Raymond Tomlinson</a></li>

<li>2010: <a href="David_Julius" title="David Julius">David Julius</a>, <a href="Baruch_Minke" title="Baruch Minke">Baruch Minke</a>, and <a href="Linda_R._Watkins" title="Linda R. Watkins">Linda Watkins</a></li>

<li>2011: <a href="Joseph_Altman" title="Joseph Altman">Joseph Altman</a>, <a href="Arturo_Alvarez-Buylla" class="mw-redirect" title="Arturo Alvarez-Buylla">Arturo Álvarez-Buylla</a>, and <a href="Giacomo_Rizzolatti" title="Giacomo Rizzolatti">Giacomo Rizzolatti</a></li>

<li>2012: <a href="Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Gregory Winter</a> and <a href="Richard_Lerner" title="Richard Lerner">Richard A. Lerner</a></li>

<li>2013: <a href="Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Peter Higgs</a>, <a href="Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">François Englert</a>, and <a href="CERN" title="CERN">European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN</a></li>

<li>2014: <a href="Avel%C2%B7l%C3%AD_Corma_Can%C3%B3s" title="Avel·lí Corma Canós">Avelino Corma Canós</a>, <a href="Mark_E._Davis" title="Mark E. Davis">Mark E. Davis</a>, and <a href="Galen_D._Stucky" title="Galen D. Stucky">Galen D. Stucky</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Technical_and_Scientific_Research64" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Princess of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>2015:  and <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a></li>

<li>2017: <a href="Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Rainer Weiss</a>, <a href="Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Kip S. Thorne</a>, <a href="Barry_Barish" title="Barry Barish">Barry C. Barish</a>, and the <a href="LIGO" title="LIGO">LIGO</a> Scientific Collaboration</li>

<li>2018: <a href="Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a></li>

<li>2019: <a href="Joanne_Chory" title="Joanne Chory">Joanne Chory</a> and <a href="Sandra_D%C3%ADaz_(ecologist)" title="Sandra Díaz (ecologist)">Sandra Myrna Díaz</a></li>

<li>2020: <a href="Yves_Meyer" title="Yves Meyer">Yves Meyer</a>, <a href="Ingrid_Daubechies" title="Ingrid Daubechies">Ingrid Daubechies</a>, <a href="Terence_Tao" title="Terence Tao">Terence Tao</a>, and <a href="Emmanuel_Cand%C3%A8s" title="Emmanuel Candès">Emmanuel Candès</a></li>

<li>2021: <a href="Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Katalin Karikó</a>, <a href="Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Drew Weissman</a>, <a href="Philip_Felgner" title="Philip Felgner">Philip Felgner</a>, <a href="U%C4%9Fur_%C5%9Eahin" title="Uğur Şahin">Uğur Şahin</a>, <a href="%C3%96zlem_T%C3%BCreci" title="Özlem Türeci">Özlem Türeci</a>, <a href="Derrick_Rossi" title="Derrick Rossi">Derrick Rossi</a>, and <a href="Sarah_Gilbert" title="Sarah Gilbert">Sarah Gilbert</a></li>

<li>2022: <a href="Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Geoffrey Hinton</a>, <a href="Yann_LeCun" title="Yann LeCun">Yann LeCun</a>, <a href="Yoshua_Bengio" title="Yoshua Bengio">Yoshua Bengio</a>, and <a href="Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a></li>

<li>2023: <a href="Jeffrey_I._Gordon" title="Jeffrey I. Gordon">Jeffrey I. Gordon</a>, <a href="Everett_Peter_Greenberg" title="Everett Peter Greenberg">Everett Peter Greenberg</a>, and <a href="Bonnie_Bassler" title="Bonnie Bassler">Bonnie Bassler</a></li>

<li>2024: <a href="Daniel_J._Drucker" title="Daniel J. Drucker">Daniel J. Drucker</a>, <a href="Jeffrey_M._Friedman" title="Jeffrey M. Friedman">Jeffrey M. Friedman</a>, <a href="Joel_Habener" title="Joel Habener">Joel F. Habener</a>, <a href="Jens_Juul_Holst" title="Jens Juul Holst">Jens Juul Holst</a>, and <a href="Svetlana_Mojsov" title="Svetlana Mojsov">Svetlana Mojsov</a></li>

<li>2025: <a href="Mary-Claire_King" title="Mary-Claire King">Mary-Claire King</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Wolf_Prize_in_Medicine73" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><div id="Laureates_of_the_Wolf_Prize_in_Medicine73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="Wolf_Prize_in_Medicine" title="Wolf Prize in Medicine">Wolf Prize in Medicine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="George_Davis_Snell" title="George Davis Snell">George Snell</a> / <a href="Jean_Dausset" title="Jean Dausset">Jean Dausset</a> / <a href="Jon_van_Rood" title="Jon van Rood">Jon J. van Rood</a> (1978)</li>

<li><a href="Roger_Wolcott_Sperry" title="Roger Wolcott Sperry">Roger Sperry</a> / <a href="Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Arvid Carlsson</a> / <a href="Oleh_Hornykiewicz" title="Oleh Hornykiewicz">Oleh Hornykiewicz</a> (1979)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" title="César Milstein">César Milstein</a> / <a href="Leo_Sachs" title="Leo Sachs">Leo Sachs</a> / <a href="James_Learmonth_Gowans" title="James Learmonth Gowans">James L. Gowans</a> (1980)</li>

<li><a href="Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a> / <a href="Stanley_Norman_Cohen" title="Stanley Norman Cohen">Stanley Norman Cohen</a> (1981)</li>

<li><a href="Jean-Pierre_Changeux" title="Jean-Pierre Changeux">Jean-Pierre Changeux</a> / <a href="Solomon_H._Snyder" title="Solomon H. Snyder">Solomon H. Snyder</a> / <a href="James_Black_(pharmacologist)" title="James Black (pharmacologist)">James W. Black</a> (1982)</li>

<li><a href="Donald_F._Steiner" title="Donald F. Steiner">Donald F. Steiner</a> (1984/5)</li>

<li><a href="Osamu_Hayaishi" title="Osamu Hayaishi">Osamu Hayaishi</a> (1986)</li>

<li><a href="Pedro_Cuatrecasas" title="Pedro Cuatrecasas">Pedro Cuatrecasas</a> / <a href="Meir_Wilchek" title="Meir Wilchek">Meir Wilchek</a> (1987)</li>

<li><a href="Henri_G._Hers" title="Henri G. Hers">Henri G. Hers</a> / <a href="Elizabeth_F._Neufeld" title="Elizabeth F. Neufeld">Elizabeth F. Neufeld</a> (1988)</li>

<li><a href="John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">John Gurdon</a> / <a href="Edward_B._Lewis" title="Edward B. Lewis">Edward B. Lewis</a> (1989)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Maclyn_McCarty" title="Maclyn McCarty">Maclyn McCarty</a> (1990)</li>

<li><a href="Seymour_Benzer" title="Seymour Benzer">Seymour Benzer</a> (1991)</li>

<li><a href="Judah_Folkman" title="Judah Folkman">Judah Folkman</a> (1992)</li>

<li><a href="Michael_Berridge" title="Michael Berridge">Michael Berridge</a> / <a href="Yasutomi_Nishizuka" title="Yasutomi Nishizuka">Yasutomi Nishizuka</a> (1994/5)</li>

<li><a href="Stanley_B._Prusiner" title="Stanley B. Prusiner">Stanley B. Prusiner</a> (1995/6)</li>

<li><a href="Michael_Sela" title="Michael Sela">Michael Sela</a> / <a href="Ruth_Arnon" title="Ruth Arnon">Ruth Arnon</a> (1998)</li>

<li><a href="Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Eric Kandel</a> (1999)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a> / <a href="Alexander_Varshavsky" title="Alexander Varshavsky">Alexander Varshavsky</a> (2001)</li>

<li><a href="Ralph_L._Brinster" title="Ralph L. Brinster">Ralph L. Brinster</a> / <a href="Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Mario Capecchi</a> / <a href="Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Oliver Smithies</a> (2002/3)</li>

<li><a href="Robert_Weinberg_(biologist)" title="Robert Weinberg (biologist)">Robert Weinberg</a> / <a href="Roger_Y._Tsien" title="Roger Y. Tsien">Roger Y. Tsien</a> (2004)</li>

<li><a href="Alexander_Levitzki" title="Alexander Levitzki">Alexander Levitzki</a> / <a href="Anthony_R._Hunter" title="Anthony R. Hunter">Anthony R. Hunter</a> / <a href="Tony_Pawson_(biochemist)" title="Tony Pawson (biochemist)">Tony Pawson</a> (2005)</li>

<li><a href="Howard_Cedar" title="Howard Cedar">Howard Cedar</a> / <a href="Aharon_Razin" title="Aharon Razin">Aharon Razin</a> (2008)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Axel_Ullrich" title="Axel Ullrich">Axel Ullrich</a> (2010)</li>

<li><a href="Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Shinya Yamanaka</a> / <a href="Rudolf_Jaenisch" title="Rudolf Jaenisch">Rudolf Jaenisch</a> (2011)</li>

<li><a href="Ronald_M._Evans" title="Ronald M. Evans">Ronald M. Evans</a> (2012)</li>

<li><a href="Nahum_Sonenberg" title="Nahum Sonenberg">Nahum Sonenberg</a> / <a href="Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Gary Ruvkun</a> / <a href="Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Victor Ambros</a> (2014)</li>

<li><a href="John_Kappler" title="John Kappler">John Kappler</a> / <a href="Philippa_Marrack" title="Philippa Marrack">Philippa Marrack</a> / <a href="Jeffrey_V._Ravetch" title="Jeffrey V. Ravetch">Jeffrey V. Ravetch</a> (2015)</li>

<li><a href="Lewis_C._Cantley" title="Lewis C. Cantley">Lewis C. Cantley</a> / <a href="C._Ronald_Kahn" title="C. Ronald Kahn">C. Ronald Kahn</a> (2016)</li>

<li><a href="James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">James P. Allison</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="Jeffrey_M._Friedman" title="Jeffrey M. Friedman">Jeffrey M. Friedman</a> (2019)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li> / <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> (2020)</li>

<li><a href="Joan_Steitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Joan Steitz">Joan Steitz</a> / <a href="Lynne_Maquat" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynne Maquat">Lynne Elizabeth Maquat</a> / <a href="Adrian_R._Krainer" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrian R. Krainer">Adrian Krainer</a> (2021)</li>

<li><a href="Daniel_J._Drucker" title="Daniel J. Drucker">Daniel J. Drucker</a> (2023)</li>

<li><a href="Botond_Roska" title="Botond Roska">Botond Roska</a> / <a href="Jos%C3%A9-Alain_Sahel" title="José-Alain Sahel">José-Alain Sahel</a> (2024)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Japan_Prize_recipients51" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Japan_Prize_recipients51" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Japan_Prize" title="Japan Prize">Japan Prize</a> recipients</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="John_R._Pierce" title="John R. Pierce">John R. Pierce</a> / <a href="Ephraim_Katchalski-Katzir" class="mw-redirect" title="Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir">Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir</a> (1985)</li>

<li><a href="David_Turnbull_(materials_scientist)" title="David Turnbull (materials scientist)">David Turnbull</a> / <a href="Willem_J._Kolff" class="mw-redirect" title="Willem J. Kolff">Willem J. Kolff</a> (1986)</li>

<li><a href="Henry_Beachell" title="Henry Beachell">Henry Beachell</a> / <a href="Gurdev_Khush" title="Gurdev Khush">Gurdev Khush</a> / <a href="Theodore_Maiman" title="Theodore Maiman">Theodore Maiman</a> (1987)</li>

<li><a href="Georges_Vendryes" title="Georges Vendryes">Georges Vendryes</a> / <a href="Donald_Henderson" title="Donald Henderson">Donald Henderson</a> / <a href="Isao_Arita" title="Isao Arita">Isao Arita</a> / <a href="Frank_Fenner" title="Frank Fenner">Frank Fenner</a> / <a href="Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Luc Montagnier</a> / <a href="Robert_Gallo" title="Robert Gallo">Robert Gallo</a> (1988)</li>

<li><a href="Frank_Sherwood_Rowland" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Sherwood Rowland">Frank Sherwood Rowland</a> / <a href="Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias James Corey</a> (1989)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Marvin_Minsky" title="Marvin Minsky">Marvin Minsky</a> / <a href="W._Jason_Morgan" title="W. Jason Morgan">W. Jason Morgan</a> / <a href="Dan_McKenzie_(geophysicist)" title="Dan McKenzie (geophysicist)">Dan McKenzie</a> / <a href="Xavier_Le_Pichon" title="Xavier Le Pichon">Xavier Le Pichon</a> (1990)</li>

<li><a href="Jacques-Louis_Lions" title="Jacques-Louis Lions">Jacques-Louis Lions</a> / <a href="John_J._Wild" title="John J. Wild">John J. Wild</a> (1991)</li>

<li><a href="Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a> / <a href="Ernest_John_Christopher_Polge" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernest John Christopher Polge">Ernest John Christopher Polge</a> (1992)</li>

<li><a href="Frank_Press" title="Frank Press">Frank Press</a> / <a href="Kary_B._Mullis" class="mw-redirect" title="Kary B. Mullis">Kary B. Mullis</a> (1993)</li>

<li><a href="Bill_Pickering_(rocket_scientist)" title="Bill Pickering (rocket scientist)">William Hayward Pickering</a> / <a href="Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Arvid Carlsson</a> (1994)</li>

<li><a href="Nick_Holonyak" title="Nick Holonyak">Nick Holonyak</a> Jr. / <a href="Edward_F._Knipling" title="Edward F. Knipling">Edward F. Knipling</a> (1995)</li>

<li><a href="Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a> / <a href="Masao_Ito" title="Masao Ito">Masao Ito</a> (1996)</li>

<li><a href="Takashi_Sugimura" title="Takashi Sugimura">Takashi Sugimura</a> / <a href="Bruce_Ames" title="Bruce Ames">Bruce Ames</a> / <a href="Joseph_Engelberger" title="Joseph Engelberger">Joseph Engelberger</a> / <a href="Hiroyuki_Yoshikawa" title="Hiroyuki Yoshikawa">Hiroyuki Yoshikawa</a> (1997)</li>

<li><a href="Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Leo Esaki</a> / <a href="Jozef_Schell" title="Jozef Schell">Jozef Schell</a> / <a href="Marc_Van_Montagu" title="Marc Van Montagu">Marc Van Montagu</a> (1998)</li>

<li><a href="W._Wesley_Peterson" title="W. Wesley Peterson">W. Wesley Peterson</a> / <a href="Jack_L._Strominger" title="Jack L. Strominger">Jack L. Strominger</a> / <a href="Don_Craig_Wiley" title="Don Craig Wiley">Don Craig Wiley</a> (1999)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ian_McHarg" title="Ian McHarg">Ian McHarg</a> / <a href="Kimishige_Ishizaka" title="Kimishige Ishizaka">Kimishige Ishizaka</a> (2000)</li>

<li><a href="John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a> / <a href="Timothy_R._Parsons" title="Timothy R. Parsons">Timothy R. Parsons</a> (2001)</li>

<li><a href="Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a> / <a href="Anne_McLaren" title="Anne McLaren">Anne McLaren</a> / <a href="Andrzej_Tarkowski" title="Andrzej Tarkowski">Andrzej Tarkowski</a> (2002)</li>

<li><a href="Benoit_Mandelbrot" title="Benoit Mandelbrot">Benoit Mandelbrot</a> / <a href="James_A._Yorke" title="James A. Yorke">James A. Yorke</a> / <a href="Seiji_Ogawa" title="Seiji Ogawa">Seiji Ogawa</a> (2003)</li>

<li><a href="Kenichi_Honda" title="Kenichi Honda">Kenichi Honda</a> / <a href="Akira_Fujishima" title="Akira Fujishima">Akira Fujishima</a> / Keith J. Sainsbury / <a href="John_Lawton_(biologist)" title="John Lawton (biologist)">John H. Lawton</a> (2004)</li>

<li><a href="Makoto_Nagao" title="Makoto Nagao">Makoto Nagao</a> / <a href="Masatoshi_Takeichi" title="Masatoshi Takeichi">Masatoshi Takeichi</a> / <a href="Erkki_Ruoslahti" title="Erkki Ruoslahti">Erkki Ruoslahti</a> (2005)</li>

<li><a href="John_Houghton_(physicist)" title="John Houghton (physicist)">John Houghton</a> / <a href="Akira_Endo_(biochemist)" title="Akira Endo (biochemist)">Akira Endo</a> (2006)</li>

<li><a href="Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Albert Fert</a> / <a href="Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Peter Grünberg</a> / <a href="Peter_Shaw_Ashton" title="Peter Shaw Ashton">Peter Shaw Ashton</a> (2007)</li>

<li><a href="Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a> / <a href="Robert_Kahn_(computer_scientist)" title="Robert Kahn (computer scientist)">Robert E. Kahn</a> / <a href="Victor_A._McKusick" title="Victor A. McKusick">Victor A. McKusick</a> (2008)</li>

<li><a href="Dennis_Meadows" title="Dennis Meadows">Dennis Meadows</a> / <a href="David_E._Kuhl" title="David E. Kuhl">David E. Kuhl</a> (2009)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Shun-ichi_Iwasaki" title="Shun-ichi Iwasaki">Shun-ichi Iwasaki</a> / <a href="Peter_Vitousek" title="Peter Vitousek">Peter Vitousek</a> (2010)</li>

<li><a href="Ken_Thompson" title="Ken Thompson">Ken Thompson</a> / <a href="Dennis_Ritchie" title="Dennis Ritchie">Dennis Ritchie</a> / <a href="Tadamitsu_Kishimoto" title="Tadamitsu Kishimoto">Tadamitsu Kishimoto</a> / <a href="Toshio_Hirano" title="Toshio Hirano">Toshio Hirano</a> (2011)</li>

<li><a href="Janet_Rowley" title="Janet Rowley">Janet Rowley</a> / <a href="Brian_Druker" title="Brian Druker">Brian Druker</a> / <a href="Nicholas_Lydon" title="Nicholas Lydon">Nicholas Lydon</a> / <a href="Masato_Sagawa" title="Masato Sagawa">Masato Sagawa</a> (2012)</li>

<li><a href="C._Grant_Willson" title="C. Grant Willson">C. Grant Willson</a> / <a href="Jean_Fr%C3%A9chet" title="Jean Fréchet">Jean Fréchet</a> / <a href="J._Frederick_Grassle" title="J. Frederick Grassle">John Frederick Grassle</a> (2013)</li>

<li><a href="Yasuharu_Suematsu" title="Yasuharu Suematsu">Yasuharu Suematsu</a> / <a href="Charles_David_Allis" title="Charles David Allis">C. David Allis</a> (2014)</li>

<li><a href="Yutaka_Takahasi" title="Yutaka Takahasi">Yutaka Takahasi</a> / <a href="Theodore_Friedmann" title="Theodore Friedmann">Theodore Friedmann</a> / <a href="Alain_Fischer" title="Alain Fischer">Alain Fischer</a> (2015)</li>

<li><a href="Hideo_Hosono" title="Hideo Hosono">Hideo Hosono</a> / <a href="Steven_D._Tanksley" title="Steven D. Tanksley">Steven D. Tanksley</a> (2016)</li>

<li> / <a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> / <a href="Adi_Shamir" title="Adi Shamir">Adi Shamir</a> (2017)</li>

<li><a href="Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a> / <a href="Max_Dale_Cooper" title="Max Dale Cooper">Max Dale Cooper</a> / <a href="Jacques_Miller" title="Jacques Miller">Jacques Miller</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="Yoshio_Okamoto" title="Yoshio Okamoto">Yoshio Okamoto</a> / <a href="Rattan_Lal" title="Rattan Lal">Rattan Lal</a> (2019)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Robert_G._Gallager" title="Robert G. Gallager">Robert G. Gallager</a> / <a href="Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Svante Pääbo</a> (2020)</li>

<li><a href="Martin_Green_(professor)" title="Martin Green (professor)">Martin A. Green</a> / <a href="Bert_Vogelstein" title="Bert Vogelstein">Bert Vogelstein</a> / <a href="Robert_Weinberg_(biologist)" title="Robert Weinberg (biologist)">Robert A. Weinberg</a> (2021)</li>

<li><a href="Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Katalin Karikó</a> / <a href="Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Drew Weissman</a> / <a href="Christopher_Field" title="Christopher Field">Christopher Field</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Masataka_Nakazawa" title="Masataka Nakazawa">Masataka Nakazawa</a> / Kazuo Hagimoto / <a href="Gero_Miesenb%C3%B6ck" title="Gero Miesenböck">Gero Miesenböck</a> / <a href="Karl_Deisseroth" title="Karl Deisseroth">Karl Deisseroth</a> (2023)</li>

<li><a href="Brian_Hoskins" title="Brian Hoskins">Brian Hoskins</a> / <a href="John_Michael_Wallace" title="John Michael Wallace">John Michael Wallace</a> / <a href="Ronald_M._Evans" title="Ronald M. Evans">Ronald M. Evans</a> (2024)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tang_Prize_laureates91" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tang_Prize_laureates91" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Tang_Prize" title="Tang Prize">Tang Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sustainable Development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gro_Harlem_Brundtland" title="Gro Harlem Brundtland">Gro Harlem Brundtland</a> (Norway)</li>

<li><a href="Arthur_H._Rosenfeld" title="Arthur H. Rosenfeld">Arthur H. Rosenfeld</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="James_Hansen" title="James Hansen">James Hansen</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Veerabhadran_Ramanathan" title="Veerabhadran Ramanathan">Veerabhadran Ramanathan</a> (India)</li>

<li><a href="Jane_Goodall" title="Jane Goodall">Jane Goodall</a> (UK)</li>

<li><a href="Jeffrey_Sachs" title="Jeffrey Sachs">Jeffrey Sachs</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Omar_M._Yaghi" title="Omar M. Yaghi">Omar M. Yaghi</a> (Jordan, USA, Saudi Arabia)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Biopharmaceutical Science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">James P. Allison</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Tasuku Honjo</a> (Japan)</li>

<li> (France)</li>

<li><a href="Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Feng_Zhang" title="Feng Zhang">Feng Zhang</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Anthony_R._Hunter" title="Anthony R. Hunter">Anthony R. Hunter</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Brian_Druker" title="Brian Druker">Brian Druker</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="John_Mendelsohn_(doctor)" title="John Mendelsohn (doctor)">John Mendelsohn</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Charles_A._Dinarello" title="Charles A. Dinarello">Charles A. Dinarello</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Marc_Feldmann" title="Marc Feldmann">Marc Feldmann</a> (Australia, USA)</li>

<li><a href="Tadamitsu_Kishimoto" title="Tadamitsu Kishimoto">Tadamitsu Kishimoto</a> (Japan)</li>

<li><a href="Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Drew Weissman</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Katalin Karikó</a> (Hungary, USA)</li>

<li><a href="Pieter_Cullis" title="Pieter Cullis">Pieter Cullis</a> (Canada)</li>

<li><a href="Joel_Habener" title="Joel Habener">Joel F. Habener</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Svetlana_Mojsov" title="Svetlana Mojsov">Svetlana Mojsov</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Jens_Juul_Holst" title="Jens Juul Holst">Jens Juul Holst</a> (Denmark)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sinology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Yu_Ying-shih" title="Yu Ying-shih">Yu Ying-shih</a> (Taiwan, USA)</li>

<li><a href="Wm._Theodore_de_Bary" title="Wm. Theodore de Bary">Wm. Theodore de Bary</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Stephen_Owen_(sinologist)" title="Stephen Owen (sinologist)">Stephen Owen</a> (USA)</li>

<li><a href="Yoshinobu_Shiba" title="Yoshinobu Shiba">Yoshinobu Shiba</a> (Japan)</li>

<li><a href="Wang_Gungwu" title="Wang Gungwu">Wang Gungwu</a> (Australia)</li>

<li><a href="Jessica_Rawson" title="Jessica Rawson">Jessica Rawson</a> (UK)</li>

<li><a href="Hsu_Cho-yun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsu Cho-yun">Hsu Cho-yun</a> (Taiwan, USA)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rule of Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Albie_Sachs" title="Albie Sachs">Albie Sachs</a> (South Africa)</li>

<li><a href="Louise_Arbour" title="Louise Arbour">Louise Arbour</a> (Canada)</li>

<li><a href="Joseph_Raz" title="Joseph Raz">Joseph Raz</a> (UK, Israel)</li>

<li><a href="Bangladesh_Environmental_Lawyers_Association" title="Bangladesh Environmental Lawyers Association">Bangladesh Environmental Lawyers Association</a> (Bangladesh)</li>

<li><a href="Dejusticia" title="Dejusticia">Dejusticia: The Center for Law, Justice and Society</a> (Colombia)</li>

<li>The Legal Agenda (Lebanon)</li>

<li><a href="Cheryl_Saunders" title="Cheryl Saunders">Cheryl Saunders</a> (Australia)</li>

<li><a href="Mary_Robinson" title="Mary Robinson">Mary Robinson</a> (Ireland)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_2024159" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_2024159" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellows</a> of the <a href="Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> elected in <a href="List_of_fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_2024" title="List of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 2024">2024</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fellows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Simon Aldridge</li>

<li><a href="John_Aston_(statistician)" title="John Aston (statistician)">John Aston</a></li>

<li><a href="Fran_Balkwill" title="Fran Balkwill">Frances Balkwill</a></li>

<li>David Bentley</li>

<li><a href="Donna_Blackmond" title="Donna Blackmond">Donna Blackmond</a></li>

<li><a href="Sarah-Jayne_Blakemore" title="Sarah-Jayne Blakemore">Sarah-Jayne Blakemore</a></li>

<li><a href="Helen_Blau" title="Helen Blau">Helen Blau</a></li>

<li>Martin Blunt</li>

<li><a href="Emmanuel_Breuillard" title="Emmanuel Breuillard">Emmanuel Breuillard</a></li>

<li><a href="Philip_Campbell_(scientist)" title="Philip Campbell (scientist)">Philip Campbell</a></li>

<li><a href="Brian_Cantor" title="Brian Cantor">Brian Cantor</a></li>

<li><a href="Ken_Carslaw" title="Ken Carslaw">Kenneth Carslaw</a></li>

<li>Andrew Carter</li>

<li><a href="Patrick_Chinnery" title="Patrick Chinnery">Patrick Chinnery</a></li>

<li>Yanick Crow</li>

<li><a href="Barry_Dickson" title="Barry Dickson">Barry Dickson</a></li>

<li><a href="Jo_Dunkley" title="Jo Dunkley">Jo Dunkley</a></li>

<li><a href="Aled_Edwards" title="Aled Edwards">Aled Edwards</a></li>

<li><a href="Paul_Elliott_(epidemiologist)" title="Paul Elliott (epidemiologist)">Paul Elliott</a></li>

<li><a href="Alan_Evans_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Evans (academic)">Alan Evans</a></li>

<li><a href="Rebecca_Fitzgerald" title="Rebecca Fitzgerald">Rebecca Fitzgerald</a></li>

<li><a href="Andrew_Fitzgibbon_(engineer)" title="Andrew Fitzgibbon (engineer)">Andrew Fitzgibbon</a></li>

<li><a href="Michael_Garrett_(astronomer)" title="Michael Garrett (astronomer)">Michael Garrett</a></li>

<li><a href="Nigel_Goldenfeld" title="Nigel Goldenfeld">Nigel Goldenfeld</a></li>

<li><a href="Anjali_Goswami" title="Anjali Goswami">Anjali Goswami</a></li>

<li><a href="Maria_Harrison" title="Maria Harrison">Maria Harrison</a></li>

<li><a href="Richard_Hartley_(scientist)" title="Richard Hartley (scientist)">Richard Hartley</a></li>

<li><a href="Laura_Herz" title="Laura Herz">Laura Herz</a></li>

<li><a href="David_A._Hodell" title="David A. Hodell">David Hodell</a></li>

<li><a href="Saskia_Hogenhout" title="Saskia Hogenhout">Saskia Hogenhout</a></li>

<li><a href="Peter_Horby" title="Peter Horby">Peter Horby</a></li>

<li>Richard Jardine</li>

<li><a href="Heidi_Johansen-Berg" title="Heidi Johansen-Berg">Heidi Johansen Berg</a></li>

<li><a href="Simon_Knowles" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon Knowles">Simon Knowles</a></li>

<li>David Komander</li>

<li><a href="Daniela_K%C3%BChn" title="Daniela Kühn">Daniela Kühn</a></li>

<li>Eric Lauga</li>

<li><a href="Lim_Chwee_Teck" title="Lim Chwee Teck">Chwee-Teck Lim</a></li>

<li><a href="Duncan_Lorimer" title="Duncan Lorimer">Duncan Lorimer</a></li>

<li><a href="Douglas_R._MacFarlane" title="Douglas R. MacFarlane">Douglas MacFarlane</a></li>

<li><a href="Barbara_Maher" title="Barbara Maher">Barbara Maher</a></li>

<li>George Malliaras</li>

<li><a href="Ivan_Marusic" title="Ivan Marusic">Ivan Marusic</a></li>

<li><a href="Tamsin_Mather" title="Tamsin Mather">Tamsin Mather</a></li>

<li>Stephen McGrath</li>

<li><a href="Pat_Monaghan" title="Pat Monaghan">Pat Monaghan</a></li>

<li><a href="Graham_Moore_(scientist)" title="Graham Moore (scientist)">Graham Moore</a></li>

<li><a href="Francis_Nimmo" title="Francis Nimmo">Francis Nimmo</a></li>

<li><a href="Sarah_Otto" title="Sarah Otto">Sarah Otto</a></li>

<li><a href="Adrian_Owen" title="Adrian Owen">Adrian Owen</a></li>

<li><a href="Lloyd_Peck" title="Lloyd Peck">Lloyd Peck</a></li>

<li>José Penadés</li>

<li><a href="Andrew_Pollard_(immunologist)" title="Andrew Pollard (immunologist)">Andrew Pollard</a></li>

<li><a href="Oscar_Randal-Williams" title="Oscar Randal-Williams">Oscar Randal-Williams</a></li>

<li>Keith Ridgway</li>

<li><a href="Tom_Rodden" title="Tom Rodden">Tom Rodden</a></li>

<li><a href="Stuart_Rowan" title="Stuart Rowan">Stuart Rowan</a></li>

<li><a href="Simon_Segars" title="Simon Segars">Simon Segars</a></li>

<li><a href="Lorraine_S._Symington" title="Lorraine S. Symington">Lorraine Symington</a></li>

<li><a href="Sarah_Tabrizi" title="Sarah Tabrizi">Sarah Tabrizi</a></li>

<li>Patrick Unwin</li>

<li><a href="Mihaela_van_der_Schaar" title="Mihaela van der Schaar">Mihaela van der Schaar</a></li>

<li>Bart Vanhaesebroeck</li>

<li>Glynn Winskel</li>

<li>William Wisden</li>

<li><a href="Xiaodong_Zhang" title="Xiaodong Zhang">Xiaodong Zhang</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Honorary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Kwame_Anthony_Appiah" title="Kwame Anthony Appiah">Kwame Anthony Appiah</a></li>

<li><a href="Anthony_Hughes%2C_Lord_Hughes_of_Ombersley" title="Anthony Hughes, Lord Hughes of Ombersley">Anthony Hughes</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Yakir_Aharonov" title="Yakir Aharonov">Yakir Aharonov</a></li>

<li><a href="Ad_Bax" title="Ad Bax">Adriaan Bax</a></li>

<li><a href="Ren%C3%A9_Bernards" title="René Bernards">Rene Bernards</a></li>

<li><a href="Emily_A._Carter" title="Emily A. Carter">Emily A. Carter</a></li>

<li><a href="Patrick_Cramer" title="Patrick Cramer">Patrick Cramer</a></li>

<li><a href="Ingrid_Daubechies" title="Ingrid Daubechies">Ingrid Daubechies</a></li>

<li><a href="Anthony_Fauci" title="Anthony Fauci">Anthony Fauci</a></li>

<li><a href="Thomas_Henzinger" title="Thomas Henzinger">Thomas Henzinger</a></li>

<li><a href="Ruth_Lehmann" title="Ruth Lehmann">Ruth Lehmann</a></li>

<li><a href="Susana_Aurora_Magall%C3%B3n_Puebla" title="Susana Aurora Magallón Puebla">Susana Magallón</a></li>

<li>Michael Mann</li>

<li>Anthony Movshon</li>

<li>William Nix</li>

<li><a href="Kyoko_Nozaki" title="Kyoko Nozaki">Kyoko Nozaki</a></li>

<li><a href="Aviv_Regev" title="Aviv Regev">Aviv Regev</a></li>

<li><a href="Ares_J._Rosakis" title="Ares J. Rosakis">Ares Rosakis</a></li>

<li>Paul Schulze-Lefert</li>

<li><a href="Erin_Schuman" title="Erin Schuman">Erin Schuman</a></li>

<li><a href="Mark_H._Thiemens" title="Mark H. Thiemens">Mark H. Thiemens</a></li>

<li><a href="Cesar_Victora" title="Cesar Victora">Cesar Victora</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-30" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Emmanuelle_Charpentier&oldid=1303378099">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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